Salvia. LABIATE. 599 



baceous or suffruticose plants, aromatic and bitterish, of various aspect, many with 



showy flowers. 



A genus of about 450 species, found in all parts of the work), but mainly in warm temp, rate 

 and subtropical regions. There are about two dozen species in the United States, but only two, 

 and of a peculiar section, have yet been met with in the State of California. 



§ 1. Throat of the calyx villous or naked; its upper lip much longer than the loiver, 

 more or less incurved, 3 — 2-toothed ; the lower 2-parted; the teeth all spm- 

 ulose-awned : corolla ringent, blue or purple ; its tubi with a hairy ring inside, 



and the upper tip idohed : stano ns distant from the upper lip, unconnected; 

 the lower fork of the long filiform connect ir, bearing a polliniferous anther- 

 ce/l : rout an una I or perhaps biennial : lea res pi n not i lid : flowers in solitary or 

 2 to 4 proliferous dense capitate clusters, which are involucrale with persist- 

 ent bract-like floral leaves. — Eciiinospiiace. (§ Echinosphace & Pycn.osphace, 

 Benth.) 



1. S. carduacea, Benth. White-woolly with lax cobwebby hairs : stem stout, 

 simple, a foot or two high, nearly naked, at base surrounded by a cluster of oblong 

 sinuate-pinnatilid and spinulose-toothed Thistle-like leaves: head-like false whorls 1 

 to 4, an inch or more in diameter, very many-flowered, equalled or surpassed by the 

 involucrale lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate and spinescently pectinate-toothed bracts : 

 calyx long-woolly, many-nerved ; its ample upper lip strongly 3-toothed, the middle 

 tooth much the larger, the lateral ones distant ; the throat villous : tube of the 

 corolla slightly exserted; its upper lip erose-dentictdate and 2-eleft; the lower with 

 small lateral lobes and a larger flabelliform and fimbriately many-cleft middle one : 

 proper filaments hardly any : anther-cells hairy. — Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4874. <S'. gos- 

 sypina, Benth. PI. Hartw. 330. 



Sandy soil, not uncommon throughout the western and middle parts of the State to San Diego. 



I '(nulla an ileli lone 



2. S. Columbarice, Benth. Minutely tomentose or soft-pubescent : stem com- 

 monly slender, branching, and leafy below, a span to a foot or two high from an 

 annual root, naked and peduncle-like below, terminated by a solitary or two prolif- 

 erous head-like false whorls : leave, deeplj once or twice pinnatifid or parted into 

 oblong ami crenately-toothcd or incised divisions, pointless, rugose: involucrate 

 floral leaves bract-like and short, ovate, entire : bracts similar but membranaceous, 



- times purplish, abruptly acuminate-awned : flowers small : calyx naked within ; 



its Inge upper lip arched, hispid at base outside, tipped with a pair id' connivenl 

 and partly connate short-awned teeth, much exceeding the two small and porrected 

 teeth of the lower lip: corolla (blue) hardly exceeding the calyx; its upper lip 

 merely notched ; the lower with small lateral lobes; the middle one much larger, 

 transversely oval, on a short claw, 2-lobed, and otherwise nearly entire: filaments 



slender. 



Common through the State, Nevada, and Arizona, es] ially southward. Corolla 8 or i lines 



long. Colyxwitb middle tooth of the upper lip always wanting. This is the " Chia " of the 

 aborigines : thi teed-liko nutlets, infused in water, form a pleasant mucilaginous drink, which is 



largely used. 



§ 2. Throat of (he calyx naked: anthers with only otu polliniferous cell; th, low* rfork 

 of the connective naked, deflexed into t/u throat oft/ie corolla, linear or oblong ; 

 the pair more or less united lengthwisi or at tin tip. | \ ligenous.) 



s. coccinea, I. inn., an herbaceous scarlet-flowered species of tropical America, with green and 

 deciduous bracts and loose inflorescence, is not unlikely to be spontaneous in the southern part ol 

 the Siate, as it is iii the Gulf States. 



s. sia.rsui us, with floral leaves or bracts and cab hi scarlet, and S. fui OBN8, with 



these nearly green and e,.r..l|a o d hairy, are the i ommon - jes of cultivation : but the} 



seom nol to have become spontaneous. 



