64 The Vegetation of the Sea-coast. 
sides of stones. In deeper pools species of Chaetomorpha and Caulerpa occur; 
the long, translucent, green, bead-like strings of Ch. Darzwinii and the bunched 
berry-like beads of Ch. sedoides being both abundant and striking. Amongst 
the brown sea-weeds the large beads of Hormosira Banksit, various forms of 
Cystophora and Carpophyllum maschalocarpum are of physiognomic importance 
in any rock-pool. In the deeper pools, C. pAyllanthum, Ecklonia Rıchardiana - 
and even clumps of Zessonia variegata appear. Here too occur a few ofthe 
hardier red sea-weeds, e. g.— Ballia callitricha, Euptilota formosissima and the 
‘commoner species of Plocamium. Frequently, the rocks of the shallower pools 
are covered by a layer of the commonest corallines. 
On the inter-tidal rocks, there are different associations.. Amongst ches 
commoner species are, — Adenocystis Lessoni, its pyriform bladders some 5scm 
long, solitary or clustered together; Co/pomenia sinuosa, its spherical or hemi- 
spherical sacs a few centimetres in diam.; the annual Splachnidium rugosum, 
u australis and species of Drbhwo: Nearer to low-water other 
cies appear; in the stiller waters, Carpophyllum phyllanthum is abundant | 
Dass ligulata is frequent together with Zonaria Turneriana, the 
endemic monotypic Zandsdurgia quercifolia, Sargassum Sinclairüi and occasion- 
ally other species of that genus. 
In more open waters, Marginaria‘) Boryana and M. Urvilleana are 
frequently to be seen. ‚On rocks exposed to the full fury of the waves is an 
almost pure association of the immense Durvillea utilis (Plate II, Fig. 4) forming 
flat sheets and long, leathery thongs; with it may be the somewhat similar 
but much smaller‘ Xiphophora chondrophylla and possibly X. gladiata also 
Various red sea-weeds also occur, notably some of the polymorphic forms 0! 
the coarser Gigartinae e.g. G.angulata, G. decipiens and species of the allied 
Pachymenia, especially P. lusoria. 
At from 30—g0 cm below low-water, the more delicate red sea-weeds appe 
In the calmer waters are species of Callophyllis (e. g. C. Hombroniana, C. cal. 
blepharoides), Chrysymenia apieulifera, Epymenia Wilsoni, Plocamium brachio- 
carpum, Melanthalia abscissa, Gracslaria confervoides, Cladhymenia oblongifolia 
| pe Most Nik: woph ee Laurencia and Zug zomiella 
our Eh of this ee association is most imperfect. 
For kilometres at a time along a rock-bound coast but never es ex- 
posed to heavy seas, there is often a broad belt of Macrocystis. pyrifera, the the 
'stems anchored below the’ surface, it may be to loose stones at a depth 
2 m, or even deeper, and ie long, ribbon-like Barzue floati on 
the | app ” their ec bladders N 
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