Moor. ® - 161 
The moor-vegetation is generally stratified, the fern and sedges, already 
mentioned, forming the upper layers, or where both occur, the sedges overtop 
the fern. Ihe ground-layer may consist of low-growing creeping species of 
Lycopodium. This is the case in the Western district where Z. ramulosum, 
flattened close to the soil, covers extensive areas. Further N. /. /aterale of’ 
similar growth-form, but with more erect stems, is the common moor-species. 
n bare places as well as on Spragnum are the tiny red rosettes of 
Drosera spathulata pressed closely to the substratum. Several species .of 
Ütricularia are common, e. g. U. delicatula in the far N. of Auckland, the 
flowers white with a yellow eye, and U. novae-zelandiae, its flowers pale Sürnfe 
‚while in the South Island it is the beautiful U. monanthos with bright purple | 
flowers and yellow eye. Mention must be made of the bamboo-like Lepyrodia 
Iraversii whose stout flexible stems, erect and crowded, are at times 3 m high’). 
‚. The moor of the South Otago district, but especially that of the S. of 
Stewart Island, is remarkable for the mountain-plants it contains. For instance, 
in the latter are cushions of Oreobolus pectinatus, Donatia novae-zelandiae and 
Celmisia linearis, in fact its composition is almost identical with that of the 
subalpine bog of the district. The heath-like Styphelia empetrifolia, the beautiful 
blue 7helymitra uniflora, Viola Cunninghamiti, the small rosettes of Oreosty- 
hidium subulatum and the grass-like Herpolirion novae-zelandiae are all interesting 
semi-mountain members of South-Otago and Stewart moors. 
In both the above districts, t00, the tall tussocks of Danthonia Raouli 
become established on Sphagnum- Gleichenia moor and tussock-moor results, 
which as the ground becomes dryer changes to tussock-steppe. heyhät 
similar is the occupation of Western district moor by the great tussocks of 
Gahnia rigida which may take complete possession, but here the relationship 
is with forest not steppe. Ä 
* 
2. Heath-moor. 
Even on moor, such as described above, there is usually more or less 
Leptospermum scoparium, and then it is only a question of time for this to 
become dominant and heath-moor established. Beneath the Zeptospermum a 
good many of the moor-species continue to thrive, thanks it may be to some 
epharmönic change. Thus Hypolaena and Gleichenia become semi-lianes and 
Lycopodium ramulosum grows erect, increases its stature and almost ceases to 
| develop sporophylis. Or the heath-moor may be distinguished, as in some 
Parts of Stewart Island, by the presence of certain shrubs either in clumps or 
dotted about, rather than by the dominance of ee 
en 
_ 1) This remarkable plant, though very common in the Chatham Islands, has only been recorded 
from one bog-area in the Waikato and from the neighbourhood of Kaitaia en of North Auckland 
district). 
; The following shrubs occur in shrub-heath in the South Otago distriet or Stewart Island : — 
Dracopfyilum Er ter a common on Sphagnum cusbions in forest ern a ‘ 
Perviflora, C. r a buxifoha, Cassinia Vawnilliersäi, Olcaria virgatan = i 
he Si 
eeayne, ‚The Verein of New Zealand. u 
