= on the Volcanic Plateau W. of Ruapehu. It is forest-clad up to about ııyom 
Subalpine Forest. 209 
glaciated valleys‘). Moss-cushions are a striking feature of the Longwood sub- 
alpine forest. i ; 
c. Mixed Forest. 
. General. 
‚Mixed forest is not so w nn distributed in the subalpine-belt as that of 
Nothofagus. In the North Island it occurs on some of the mountains of the 
Volcanic Plateau and Mt. Egmont, and, in the South Island, in the Western 
district from the Teremakau Valley to the R. Mahitahi in the S. (ROBERTS 1909: 5 “ 
in the North-eastern district on some parts of the Seaward Kaikoura Mts., 
the E. part of the Western district near the sources of the Rakaia and: Be 
of its tributaries, in the Eastern district on Banks Peninsula and Mt. Peel and, 
finally, throughout Stewart Island. 
Naturally, the associations differ considerably in so wide a range, but, 
Stewart Island excepted, ZLidocedrus Bidwillii and Podocarpus Hallii are ke 
quently the principal canopy-trees. As undergrowth, subalpine-scrub species. 
often play a prominent part. In certain localities the last-named formation is 
so strongly developed as to become actual forest, in which case the shrub- 
‚composites together with PAyllocladus alpinus, Casa Lyalli and Ba sieken; 
Traversii are in many situations important members. 
2. Kawaka-totara (Libocedrus Bidwillii-Podocarpus Hallii) 
Association 
This, in various forms, is the most important of the subalpine mixed 
forests. Either the er or the Podocarpus may dominate, and when 
abundant, the former, with its erect growth and pyramidal head, clearly defines h 
‚the association. | 3; 
Forest of Hauhungatali. 
Mount Hauhungatahi is an Bold extinct Yohsaeı 1520 m a situated 
 altitude. At the base of the mountain, er below, at a. ‚height of 780: m or 
ee of: — Zzdocedrus Bidwillüi (first appearing at about 600 m. alt.), Pı 
& carpus Halli, P. ferrugineus, Dacrydium cupressinum, D. Colensoi, 
a : ‚The smaller trees and 5 
‚serratus, Ivan ak ecke, Arisiiniie Pruicasa, 2:3 
ni Melicytus lanceolatus, Myrtus pedunculata, Fuchsia. excorticata, m 
a Re | 
