Shrub Associations. 219 
Tararua Mts. (Ruahine-Cook district). Olearia Colensoi is frequently domi- 
nant, but O. ardorescens and Senecio elacagnifolius are often abundant. Other 
ibn species are: — Pittosporum rigidum, Nothopanax Colensoi, N. Sinclairit, 
N. anomalum, Dracophyllum longifolium, D. filifolium, Suttonia divaricata, Vero- 
nica held var., Coprosma cuneata, C. foetidissima, Olearia excorticata, O. 
lacunosa and EN Bidwilli. 
Kuahine Mountains (Ruahine-Cook district). According to information ' 
supplied by B. C. ASTON all the Tararua species occur except O,. excorticata 
and O. /acunosa while Coprosma tenuifolia, C.microcarpa, and a species of Hoheria 
are present. In some places are extensive colonies of Cordyline indivisa. 
Southern Alps. Olcaria tlicifolia or O. Colensoi are frequently dominant; 
O. arborescens, O. macrodonta, O. nummularifolia, O. avicenniaefolia, Senecio 
Bidwillüi, var. viridis and S. elaeagnifolius are common shrub-composites '). 
The following occur throughout and are often important constituents: — Phyllo- 
cladus alpinus, Dacrydium biforme, D. Bidwillii, Podocarpus Halli, P. nivalıs, 
Phormium Cookianum, Pittosporum divaricatum, Carmichaelia grandiflora, Aris- 
totelia fruticosa, Gayd Lyallüi, Nothopanax Colensoi, N. simplex, Pseudopanax 
lineare, Griselinia littoralis, Gaultheria rupestris, Dracophyllum longifolium, 
D. ae ?\, Archeria Traversü, Veronica salıcifolia, V. subalpina, Co- 
frosma serrulata, C.cuneata, C. parviflora, C. ciliata, C. foetidissima and C, 
ramulosa. Olearia moschata is common from about the latitude of Mt. Cook 
southwards 3), 
Stewart Island. At first the forest-trees, much dwarfed, occur abundantly, 
but early on Olearia Colensoi becomes dominant. Lepfospermum scoparium 
and Dacrydiun Bidwillii are, in places, plentiful, tussocks of Gahnia procera 
are frequent. Other important species are: — Norhopanax Colensoi, N. simplex, 
‚Griselinia Jittoralis, Dracophyllum Menziesü, D.longifolium, D. Pearsoni, D. 
politum, Suttonia divaricata, species of Coprosma as for Southern Alps and 
Senecio elacagnifolius (Table Hill). 
North-eastern district. Shrub-composite scrub of a different character made 
‚ UP of one species only (Senecio Monroi) occurs on the Inland Kaikoura Mts. 
and adjacent parts of the district. The substratum is coarse shingle-slip. Else- 
where the species is a rock-plant, and in this case the stony ground, as it 
slowiy grows, is peopled by plants from the mother rock. 
8) Cassinia scrub. 
A heath of Cassinia occurs in many parts of the montane South Island 
where there isa steppe-climate but in parts of the North-eastern district, Flag- 
‚staff Hill near Dunedin (South Otago district) and indeed in many more 
Be 
2) O. excorticata and O.lacunosa are abundant in N. Westland and some tr: of Nelson. 
on the Takitimu Mts., Southland, 
