The Plant Formations. 275 
lands Island itself. Frequently the tussocks are on trunks 57 cm high, but, on 
the coastal slopes of Antipodes Island, they are 1.5 m high, and grow so closely, 
that progress can be alone made by stepping from tussock to tussock. On 
Campbell Island, the association clothes the hillsides, where scrub is absent, 
to a height of perhaps ı50o m. The most important companion-plant, at the 
present time’), is Chrysobactron Rossii, which has increased greatly through 
burning the tussock. Various other species are present, e.g. — Polystichum 
vestitum, dwarf shrubs, especially Dracophyllum scoparium, Pleurophyllum 
speciosum and Veronica Benthami”). On Disappointment Island, many of the 
herbs of the herb-moor are present, almost black clumps of Polystichum vesti- 
Zum are abundant and, in places, hidden by the tussock, is a close growth of 
the scrub-shrubs, Metrosideros excepted. Acaena Sanguisorbae var. minor 
scrambles over the tussocks. On Antipodes Island, where the tussocks are 
tall, as already described, there is little else, but, where lower, there are masses 
of Pohnskınd vestitum- and, in the heiter this and the tussock afford, a rich 
vegetation made up hiefly of the following: — many lichens- (chiefly species : 
of Sticta and Cladonia?), various bryophytes*), Blechnum penna marina, B. ca- 
pense, Asplenium bulbiferum, Hypolepis millefolium, Hymenophyllum multifidum, 
Lycopodium fastigiatum, L. varıum var. polaris, Luzula crinita, Stellaria 
decipiens var. angustata, Epilobium linnaeoides- and an undescribed species 
Coprosma repens, stunted Coprosma cuncata, Pratia arenaria and Hehe 
bellidioides var. prostratum. The soil of the association en its zange = 
is deep peat always extremely wet. 
Danthonia antarctica moor. | 2 E“ 
This well-marked association forms the next. altitudinal belt after scrub = 
in the Lord Auckland’s and after Poa litorosa moor in Campbell Island giving, 
at a distance, a brown colour and smooth appearence to the hillside But such 
smoothness is quite illusory, the ground Bene most uneven while 
pet, peaty trunks Shrubs a are don, er 
1) Ch a N was conspicuous in the virgin® wegetafion, 
= covered the swampy sides of the hills i in such ge as ER be 
