2 vernicosa are abundant. EURER, He ooke ri still plays a urn important part. 
2378 The Vegetation of the Subantaretis Islands. 
Subalpine rock-associatton. . 
On the bare rock is the suffruticose lichen Stereocaulon ramulosum. Here 
also are black patches of several species of Andreaea. Peat very readily 
accumulates on ledges and in hollows so that there is hardly any species. 
belonging to neighbouring formations that does not occur on rock; in fact, 
Anisotome antipoda, Phyllachne clavigera, Coprosma repens and ale species 
may form a virtually closed association. 
Crevice-plants are: — Cardamine depressa, Colobanthus subulatus, Geum 
albiflorum (Lord Auckland’s), Schizeilema reniformis and Abrotanella rosulata 
(Campbells). Very characteristic are Polypodium pumilum and Hymenophyllum 
multifidum either forming lines in crevices or great»sheets on the rock-face. 
Certain mosses are common on wet rocks, ER — Braunia Humbolti, 
Lophiodon strictus, Conostomum australe and Hypnum hispidum. 
‚ Subalpine rock-debris association. 
Beneath the cliffs which form the actual Araninit of many of the hills of 
both the Aucklands and Campbells there are debris-fields. But although the 
primitive substratum would be rock-fragments merely, it would take little time 
in the wet subantarctic climate before plants settled down, many of which from 
their peculiar nature would rapidly cause peat to be formed. The substratum 
is always as wet as possible, so that there is here no need for shingle-slip 
adaptations; rather is wind-resisting power the chief desideratum, here attained 
by lowness of statpre, the cushion-form, the ground-rosette form and the 
prostrate-habit. The plants peculiar to the formation, or nearly so are: — 
. Polystichum ‚cystostegia (growing where debris is largest), Marsıppospermum 
 gracile, Cardamine glacialis var. 'subcarnosa and Flantago aucklandica (Lord 
Auckland’s s). The other species are the same as for low moor but the relative 
tage is is different. Myosotis capitata, Ranunculus pinguis and Celmisia 
5. Swamp. en 
Swamp is’a Yowiand formation. It is especially distinguished by ee \ 
of the trunk-tussock form. Carer trifida, C. appressa and Poa litorosa are 
‚abundant, the former on the Lord Auckland’s and Campbells, and the two 
 latter on Antipodes as well, where Polystichum vestitum, in dense masses is 
” haracteristic. Blechnum capense is also a frequent swamp plant. 
Bi Sn Macquarie Island). ee 
air On sea-clf es, to drenching with salt-water are nindcht cushions 
of Colobanthus muscoides, the small endemic grass Triodia macquariensis e“ 
Crassula moschala. This | | latter and Cotula plumosa also occur on the F 
a "Compilch fo the writings. de Schi (1883) and A. Hamınron (1895) and en 
‚(The Vascular Flora ee Island. ee Austr. Antare. ee ser. Ch VII, pt 
