i Displacement and Replacement. 291 
Glaucium flavum, a striking example of edaphic restriction, since the species 
is absent on adjacent clay hillsides, except in gravelly sifatione: So, too, 
Verbascum Thapsus forms pure lo on denuded river-terrace slapas; Eins 
and the like. 
6) Indigenous-induced associations. 
Some of these have already been mentioned, particularly, — Preridium 
heath, Zepzospermum heath, Danthonia meadow, its heath and Arzstotelia 
association. Here a few other examples are cited. 
When shrub-composite-epacrid scrub of the Western bälinicel EN is 
burned, a scrub may arise in which Veronica is dominant or ebnieige e Cook- 
tanım may become abundant. 
Forest near the shore of the Stewart Island Inlets, upon being Ga; 
is replaced by pure Senecio rotundifolius scrub, but more inland eg 
cupressinum may be very plentiful. = 
Where kahikatea forest was felled, and more or less batazl near the“ 
base of Mt. Alexander, Westland, along the railway, there is now a low almost 
pure young forest of Plagianthus betulinus. 
The trampling and grazing of cattle followed by the final close cropping 
by sheep, in Chatham Island, have transformed shallow swamp to meadow 
made up principally of the indigenous Potentilla anserina var. anserinoides, 
_ Grantzia lineata and Pratia arenaria in abundance together with the inteodaed 
Poa pratensis and also a number of other small indigenous plants. Burning 
Olearia-Dracophyllum moor of the above island may lead to a meadow of 
' Poa chathamica, the culms 58 cm high, but such is soon ee a wild 
# cattle, if the rom is dry enough to support their weight. 
North Island montane forest, if that: species be in the o 
In Campbell Island, Chrysobactron Rossi has. 
through burning. ie: tussock-moor. Many 
, show. that in modified New Zealand both 
