14 TREATISE ON 



article VI. On Grafts. 

 § 1 . Names and Proper Times for Grafts. 



Three types of grafts are used for fruit trees, namely the bud shield graft, the 

 crown graft, & the cleft graft. 



1°. Young or old stocks are grafted with bud shields, but on wood of the current 

 year, or at latest two years. 



This graft is performed at the onset of or during the run of sap in the spring. So it's 

 been called the shoot, or immediate growth hud graft, because if the bark appears to be 

 alive & especially if the bud is enlarging twelve or fifteen days after grafting, the stock is 

 topped two or three inches above the point where the graft was inserted, & the developing 

 bud on the graft puts out a shoot beginning in the first year. 



It's more customary to bud graft during the decline of the second run of sap. This 

 must be taken literally, especially for stocks of resinous trees. If they have too much sap 

 when they're bud grafted, resin seeps out around the graft, pushes it out & detaches it, or 

 drowns it, as the gardeners say. As long as the bud grafts can be lifted & the bark 

 separated from the stocks, there will be enough sap for grafts to be successful. In warm & 

 dry areas the second run of sap rarely holds out beyond the beginning of August, except 

 for young peach & almond trees, in which it lasts about a month longer. In cool areas, 

 young peach & almond trees keep their sap until mid-September, & sometimes even 

 beyond. In other stocks, it stops a month sooner. So depending on the region, old peach & 

 almond trees & other stocks are bud grafted from mid-July until mid-August, & young 

 peach & almond trees from mid-August until mid-September. 



