24 TREATISE ON 



without injuring the bark, which can be done with the blade of the grafting knife as in the 

 first procedure. This way they easily lift the bud shield with the entire bud. It's true that 

 the viscous material can be affected; but a good grafter assured me that he not only 

 doesn't lift his bud shields any other way, but further that he often purposely has passed 

 the tail end of the pruning knife between the wood & the bark of the stock three or four 

 times after having detached them. This doubtlessly altered the viscous material a great 

 deal, as much in the graft as in the stock, without his losing any of his bud grafts, which 

 after all were well prepared. This shows that the viscous material is not as important as 

 believed, even though it's very beneficial to preserve it, especially for trees susceptible to 

 gummosis. 



2°. A horizontal incision a e is made in the bark of the stock, & from the midpoint 

 of this incision a vertical one is cut downward / o, the two incisions being equal to or 

 slightly larger than the corresponding dimensions of the graft. The bark is separated on 

 both sides of the vertical incision with a fingernail or with the handle end of a pruning 

 knife. 



3°. With the point of the bud graft placed at point i on the intersection of the two 

 incisions, it is inserted downward between the wood and the bark so that its entire inside 

 surface contacts the woody surface of the stock, taking care that the base of the bud 

 shield directly joins the upper edge of the horizontal incision & that the insides of the 

 barks match up as seen at point K. 



4°. It's all tied up with several turns of osier bark, or with a double cord of wool or 

 of cotton. Avoid tying it on top of the bud on the graft. The ligature can be removed six 

 weeks or two months after inserting the graft. 



Instead of cutting the horizontal incision a e at the top end / of the vertical 

 incision, it can be cut through the bottom end o, & the bud graft shaped as shown in TV, 

 with its base below the bud, & its point above. 



