52 KJELLMAN, THE ALG^ OF THE ARCTIC SEA. 



wards at least to the 80:th degree, and between the 79:th and 80:th degrees is still highly 

 luxuriant. This is the case also with Polysiphonia arctica. 



In the European part of the Atlantic these two algiis are not known south of 

 Iceland; on the coast of America the former is one of the more prominent elements 

 of the so called arctic Flora, occurring in large numbers at Eastport, and being only 

 occasionally met with so far to the south as the coast of Massachusett '). 



Ralfsia deusta, though less common in the Arctic Sea, is yet found rather gene- 

 rally in the most northerly part of the Murman Sea. In the Atlantic it has 

 about the same southern limit as the preceding, being known from Iceland, but not 

 south of Eastport (Maine) ou the coast of America. 



Monostroma Blyttii in the Arctic Sea at Spitzbergen ascends to the 79:th degree 

 of latitude; however, its maxima of frequency are on the north coast of Norway and 

 on the south-western coast of Greenland- It is not known south of Iceland. On the 

 north-western coast of America, it is found most abundant and luxuriant about East- 

 port, descending southwards to about Boston ^). 



Rhodophyllis dichotoma, another characterioal arctic alga, found on the coast of 

 Spitzbergen about 79° N. Lat., is rather common in the north-eastern part of the 

 Murman Sea, and common on the north coast of Norway. It is known from Fasroe 

 Isles and the neighbourhood of Bergen on the west coast of Norway, but not farther to 

 the south on the European side. On the west coast of America its southern boundary 

 is at Cape Ann. 



The following species: 



Odonthalia dentata. 

 Rhodomela lycopodioides, 

 Euthora cristata, 

 Ptilota plumosa, 

 » pectinata, 

 Phloeospora tortilis, 

 Chajtopteri.s plumosa, 

 may undoubtedly be reckoned among the most characteristic species of the arctic Flora. 

 In the European part of the Atlantic no one of them goes to the south of England, 

 most of them are limited to the west coast of Scandinavia and the most northerly parts 

 of Great Britain. Those of them which are met with on the east coast of America 

 have here a northerly distribution, belonging exclusively or chiefly to the arctic part 

 of that region. 



Delesseria sinuosa, Dichloria viridis, Desmarestia aculeata, Chcetomorpha melagonium, 

 all of them common species even in the most northerly parts of the Arctic Sea, are 

 indeed to be found even south of England, but here they appear to be rare or even 

 very rare. At least they are so at Cherbourg, according to the statements of Le Jolis ^). 

 This is perhaps the case also with several other species, but it impossible at present 



') Cp. J. G. Agardh, Spec. Aljj. II. p. 359 and Farlow, New Engl. Alg. p. ö and 143. 

 2) Cp. Kjellman, Isl. Alg. p. 79 and Farlow, 1. c. p. 5 and 42. 

 ^) Cp. Le Jolis, Liste Alg. Cherb. 



