196 



XLIII. RUBIACE^. 



[ Gdli 



um 



Heathy spots and hilly and mountainous pastures il,,,,.,! . • 

 some places the ground is almost white wkT H dudn" ' '" 



2^. 6—8. 



Flant turning nearly black in "d;yi;^"S^':S- 



but occasionally growing among grass and rushes in's«am' v iT'""' 

 and then almost a foot high and sometimes mistaken for G , r • 

 Leaves often rough at the margins, of a thickish and rather forf'"* 

 ture. Fruit, as Sir J. E. Smith well observes becomiL Vr"",' 



stfLf ^°""" ''"' '''"' ''"^' "'"" f--tne, granXteT ^f te 



4. G. pus'Ulum L. (Zea*^ Mountain B.) ; leaves about 8 ' 

 whorl linear-lanceolate hair-pointed entire lo^yer ones somewhnt, 

 hair J, stem spreading, panicles terminal few-flo^yered isedippl. 



acu'r^f "i. t 74. "^"""""^^ granulated, petals somewhat 



Limestone hills In various parts of England: near KomU] - oK .. 



Matjock. Derbyshire ; „enr Sole. Yorfihlre i also in "ife^'jo * | 



of Stafford, Lancaster, and Cumberland. Basaltic rock Antrim 

 and near the lake of Killarney ; Ireland. Ochil and Strathh ' 



hdls, and the Forfarshire mountains, Scotland. 2^. 7,8 010^^ 



alliedto G. saxatile, from which it is sometimes scarcely'to be°dy 

 tmguished except by the narrow and more pointed leaves. 



8 in a 



5. (t. uligmosum L. (rovgh Marsh B.) ; leaves 6—0 m a 

 whorl hnear-lanceolate bristle-pointed, their marrrins and the 

 stem rough with reflexed prickles. E. B. t. 1972^' 



2^. 



8. 



Panicles small, 

 Frtiit dark-brown. 



Wet meadows and si 

 axillary, few-flowered; brandies erecto-patent. 



granulated, its stalks erect. Distinguished from the next" bv" the 

 narrow leaves, shortly acuminated at their points Into a mucro Tt 

 does not turn black in drying, 



6. G palustre L. (wJiite Water B.) ; leaves 4-6 in a whorl 

 oblong-lanceolate obtuse tapering at the base and as well as 

 the lax spreading branched stem more or less rough, panicles 

 diffuse, fruit-stalks divaricated. -a. stem and leavel smoothish 



G. palustre E. B. t. 1857. 



(3. nerves at the back and 



margins of the leaves and angles of the stem distinctly rou^^h 

 with mostly reflexed prickles. ^ G. Witheringli E. B. tf 2206! 



Sides of ditches, lakes, and rivulets. 1^ . 7, 8. - We cannot dis- 

 trnguLsh what_ British collectors call G. elongatrcm from our var. p. 

 - The transition from the smooth to the rough state of this plant 

 may be observed on the borders of pools ; and it is onlv in very wet 



~W misonT''' ' '"'"' *''' ^'^^'^"Pt^"" "^ E. Ft. of G. palustre." 



7. G. erectum Huds. (upright B.) ; lei 

 lanceolate mucronate their margins rough with prickles pointing 

 forward, branches of the panicle all ascending stem flaccid' 

 -Stents of the corolla ta/ier-polnted, fruit-stalks c^aSed! 



±L. ±5. t. 20d7. G. aristntiim Sim — - - 



8 In a whorl 



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