Asperida.'] 



XLIII. RUBIACE^ 



199 



3. Sherardia Linn. 



Madder 



Cor. funnel-shaped. Stam. 4. Fruit crowned witli the cal. 

 ^ Named in honour of James Slierard, an English botanist 

 and patron of that science, whose fine garden at Eltham m 

 Kent gave rise to the famous '' Hortus Elthamensis of Uil- 



lenius. 



J^l. S. arvensis L. (blue S.) ; leaves about 6 in a whorl, flowers 

 terminal sessile capitate. E. B. t, 891. 



Corn-fields, or pastures especially in a light gravelly soil, frequent. O- 

 4_10.— A small, slender, branched and spreading plant. Leaves obo- 

 vate-lanceolate, acute, their margins rough, upper ones 7—8, forming 

 an involucre to a small sessile umbel of pale blue/ow;ers. Cal of 4 seg- 

 ments, two opposite ones bifid ; these bifid ones correspond to the hne 

 where the fruit divides into two 1-seeded portions, each of which is 

 crowned with 3 teeth, one being the single tooth or segment of the 

 caly the other two, each half of a double one. 



4. AsPERULAimn. Woodruff. 

 Cor. funnel-shaped. Stam. 4. Fruit without any distinct 



marjiin to the cah 



Named from asper^ roughs owing to the 



roughness of some species of the genus. 



1. A. odordta L. (sweet TT.) , • i.- - 1 



ceolate, flowers panicled on long stalks, fruit liispid 



t. 755. ' "^'^ 



8 in a whorl lan- 



E.B. 



Uutk 



Woods and shady places, plentiful. %• 5^ 6. — 

 high, erect. Flowers white. Whole plant very fragrant 

 tJioxanthurriy especially when drying. 



About 6 inches 



like An^ 



2. A. Cyndnchica L. (small TT., 







Flo ivers 



linear 4 in a whorl very irregular in the uppermost whorls, 

 fruit granulated scabrous. E. B. t. 33. 



Warm banks, especially in chalky countries. Limestone rocks, 

 Swansea, S. Wales. Not found in Scotland. 1^. 6,7.— 

 generally lilac. One pair in the whorl of the uppermost leaves, is 

 reduced to small lanceolate stipules. 



3. A. * arvensis L. (Field FF.) ; annual, leaves 6—10 in a 

 whorl linear-lanceolate obtuse, flowers a<3:gregate terminal sur- 

 rounded by long ciliated bracteas, fruit glabrous. E. B. b, 

 t. 2792. 



Near Devonport, now extinct. ©. 6. — Flowers bright blue. 

 Fruit large and very conspicuous. 



{A. Taurina L. is mentioned as naturalised in Leicestershire and 

 Westmorland.] 



K 4 



