XLV. DIPSACACE^ 



203 



ScabiSsa^l 



^eous plants, with opposite or wJiorled leaves. Flov^evs pedicellate, 

 collected into a dense head which is surrounded by a many-leaoed 

 involucre. Nearly allied to the Compositae. The Fuller s Teasel 

 consists of the heads, with uncinate spines, oiDipsacus Fullonum. 



Fruit 



Fruit 



1. DiPSACUS. Eeceptacle with spinous scales. Cal. cup-shaped. 



with 8 depressions. . r , . xi 



2 ScAEiosA. Receptacle scaly. Cal. of about 5 bristles. 



3. Knautia. Receptacle hairy (not scaly). Cal. cup-shaped. 



■with 4 depressions. 



1. Dipsacus Linn. Teasel. 



Eeceptacle with spinous scales. Involucel with a thickened 

 limb, formino' a crown to the ovary. Cal. cup-shaped. Stam. 

 distinct about equal. Fruit 4-angled, with 8 pores or depres- 

 sions. {Leaves opposite.)— Named from h-i^aio,^ to be thirsty; 

 the upper connate leaves containing water in their hollows. 



1. D. ""Fullolum L. (Fidlers T.) ; leaves sessile undivided, 

 scales of the receptacle hooked at the extremity, involucres 



■ F. B. t. 2080. 



Stem 4 — 5 ft. 



spreading or reflexed. 



Waste places and hedge-banks; rare. ^. 8, 9. 

 high, very angular and prickly. Leaves large oblong or oblong- 

 lanceolate, obtusely or irregularly serrate, sometimes, especially 



Involucre about as long as the bead of 



Used in 



the upper ones, connate, 



flowers. Flowers in oval heads, pale purple or whitish. 



dressing cloth, for which purpose the hooked scales of the receptacle 



are admirably calculated. These hooks become obsolete by long 



cultivation on a poor soil ; and there is reason to believe that I). FuU 



lonum is but a van of D. Sylvestris. 



2. D. sylvestris L. {ivild T.) ; leaves sessile undivided, upper 

 ones connate, scales of the receptacle straight at the extremity, 

 involucres curved upward. E. B. t, 1032. 



■Road-sides and hedges, not rare in England ; less frequent in 

 Scotland. ^. 8, 9. 



2. D. pilosus L. (small T.) ; leaves petlolate with a small 

 leaflet, at the base on each side, involucres shortly deflexed. 

 E. B. t. 877. 



Moist hedges, but not common. In several places in Norfolk and 

 Suffolk, Sussex and Surrey. Rare in Scotland. <? - 8, 9. — Sttm 

 slender, 2—4 ft. high, angular, rough with short reflexed prickles, 

 which are longer and resembling bristles on the peduncles. Leaves 

 ovate, acuminate, serrate. Heads of flowers rather small, round, 

 hairy. Scales of the receptacle obovate-cuspidate, straight. Corolla 

 white. Anthers white, much protruded. 



2. ScABiosA Linn. Scabious. 



Eeceptacle scaly, 

 of about 5 bristles. 



Cal. 



Involucel membranaceous or minute. 

 Stam. distinct, nearly equal. Fruit with 8 



K. 6 



