Ilelminthia.'] xlvi. composite : cicnoRACEiE. 



209 



of all or of the central florets plumose. 

 1. Tragopogon Linn. Goat's-beard. 



(G 



) 



Aclienes longitudinally striate, beaked. Pappus feathery. 



~ ' ^ ' ■ ' ' " " 10 scales united at the base. 



f8 



Becept. naked. Invol slmple,-o 

 ■Named from rpayoc, a goat; and Trwywr, a beard; from the 



beautifully bearded fruit. 



1. T. pratensis L. {yellow G.) ; glabrous, involucre about as 

 Ionf>- or twice as long as the corollas, leaves undivided acumi- 

 nate with a dilated base channelled, peduncles slightly thick- 

 ened at the very summit.— «. involucre about as long as the 

 corolhis. E, B. t, 434. 

 corollas. T. minor Fries. 

 perhaps of Jacq.) 



Meadows and pastures. Scotland. Ireland. $. 6,7 Stem 



1—2 ft. \\\gh. Leaves of J3. more attenuate than in a. Invol. 

 8-leaved. Flowers yellow, closing every day before noon; head of 

 fruit large. Achenes of the florets of the circumference striate and 

 'squamoully scabrous in this and the next. Pappus very feathery, 

 elevated on a long stalk. 



/3. involucre twice as long as the 

 T, maior Hook 



2. T. 



* 



if alius L. {purple G. or 



ify) ; involucre 



longer than the corollas, leaves undivided straight acummate 

 slightly dilated above the base, peduncles much thickened 

 upwards. JEJ. B. t. 638. 



- Moist meadows, In several parts of England ; but very local. 

 About Glasgo^v. >. 5, 6. — Stem 3— 4 ft. high. ^Flowers large, 

 purple, closing before noon, or in rainy weather. The root was for- 

 merly cultivated for culinary purposes. 



2. Helminthia Juss. Ox-tonj]jue. 



Pappus feathery. 

 — 10 close scales, 



Achenes transversely striate, beaked. 

 Itecept, naked. InvoL double ; inner of 8 

 outer of 3 — 5 shorter, lax, leafy ones.— Xame : kXinvQiov^ a small 



kind of worm ; from the form of the fruit. 



1. H. echioides G^ertn. {bristly O.) ; outer scales of the in- 



Fig.2. A single flower or floret, removed from the receptacle, showing (at a) 

 'the ligulate corolla ; [b) the germen (ovary or young fruit) covered with the tube 

 of the calvx, which is lengthened above, in a curious manner, into a httle stalk or 

 beak, and crowned with the pappus or seed-down, which is, in fact, the limb or 

 free portion of the calyx, witr.in which the corolla is inserted ; {c) the stamens, the 

 filaments of which are inserted into the lower or tul)ular portion of the corolla. 

 and the five anthers are united into a tube around the style ; {d) the style, con- 

 tinned from the top of the germen, through the corolla and united stamens, di- 

 viding into two branches, which boar the minqte stigmas.. This style is not 

 swollen, as in the Thistle group. 



Fig. 3. Extremity of the stvle. 



Fig. 4. A receptacle, with the involucre bent back in age, and all the fruit and 

 seed-vessels having fallen away but one. 



Fig, 5. A fruit laid open, showing the erect seed in the cavity or cell. 

 _ AU but figs. 1. and 2. more or less magnified. 



\ 



