r 



Hierdcium.'] XLVi. composite: cichorace^. 



oc 



£3 



Perhaps not uncommon. II. 6—8. — Young ^eaJs subglobose. If 

 the involucral scales of the opening bud yield a character of no value, 

 the rounded-leaved forms would be ranked v^ith H. murorum, and 

 those with leaves attenuated at the base u^ith IT. sylvaticum; ad~ 

 mittin"- that character, this species is separated by them from H. 

 murorum, and from H, hypoch(Bridis by the livid styles ; but from H. 

 sylvaticum the distinguishing marks are not very perceptible, as far at 

 least as regards the specimens with lanceolate root-leaves; perhaps 

 the only one lies in the obtuse involucral scales. It is usually de- 

 scribed with many black-based hairs and few black setae on the pedun- 

 cles and involucre; but we have specimens from Mr. Baker with 

 rounded leaves in which this proportion is reversed,^ and agreeingin 

 that respect with the usual forms of H. sylvaticum. The small cauline 

 leaves when young have stellate hairs on the underside, but we see 

 none on the radical ones. 



17. H. sylvaticum Sm. (ivood H.) ; green, stem usually with 

 several leaves branched upwards and paniculate-corymbose 

 with straight ascending peduncles slightly hairy, leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate toothed with the teeth pointing upwards somewhat 

 hairy, radical ones stalked tapering into the petiole, caulme 

 ones stalked or sessile, peduncles at the apex and the involucre 

 with more or less stellate down mixed with set^ and few or 

 no black-based hairs, scales equally attenuated in bud incum- 

 bent upon and not longer than the florets, ligules glabrous at 



H. vulgatum Fr. — a. leaves uniformly 

 daucous underneath, radical ones per- 



E.B. t. 2031. — iS. leaves 



the apex, styles livid. 



green or purplish or 



sistent till the period of flowering. 



spotted with dark purple, radical ones withering before the 



expansion of the flowers. H. maculatum Sm. : E. B. t. 2121* 



Mountain-woods, walls, and banks, frequent. — ^. more rare. 1^. 

 7, 8.— Cauline haves usually numerous and coarsely toothed, never 

 aniplexicaul, but stalked or attenuated at the base. The radical 

 ones are said to be nearly entire, and were this constant, it would 

 enable us to distinguish this species from the form of H. ccesium with 

 lanceolate root leaves which are coarsely toothed at the base; but 

 we have specimens before us from Mr. Baker with the stem very 

 leafy, and the lower leaves (they appear to be the radical ones) also 

 lacinlate-toothed at the base : the true root-leaves, however, frequently 

 wither away at an early period, as in the next species. 



18. H. Gothicum Tries (naked-headed H.) ; obscurely green, 

 stem usually rigid and almost glabrous leafy somewhat corym- 

 bose above, leaves ovate-lanceolate tapering gradually at both 

 ends toothed principally about the middle, radical ones shortly 

 stalked, cauline ones sessile passing gradually into bracteas, 

 peduncles rigid erect or erecto-patent elongated and the broad 

 base of the involucre sparingly sprinkled with black hairs and 

 seta3 and scarcely any stellate down, scales nearly glabrous at 

 the margin and apex dark green blackish when dry broad mostly 



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