Saussurea.'] XLVi. COJiPOSiTiE: cynakocepiial^ 



229 



Three feet or 



16. A^RCTiuM Linn. Burdock. 



AcJienes 4-sided. Pappus short, pilose. Receptacle chaffy. 

 Involucre globose, the scales with an incurved hook at the point. 

 Name : aptcroq^ a hear^ from the coarse texture of the in- 

 volucres. 



1. A. Lappa L. (common B.) ; leaves cordate stalked. — a. 

 wnjus^ heads large, usually corymbose, inner scales of the in- 

 volucre subulate gradually attenuated into a naucronate point 

 lon2:er than the florets. A. maj us Schh, — /?. intermedium^ 

 heads large ovate racemose webbed, inner involucral scales 

 subulate mucronate as long as the florets. A. Bardana E. B, 

 t. 2478. A. intermedium Lange, A. minus /5, Bah. — y. minus^ 

 heads smaller globular racemose more or less webbed, inner 

 involucral scales subulate mucronate shorter than the florets. 

 A. minus Schk. A. Lappa E. B. t. 1228. 



Waste places and way -sides, common. $ . 7, 8. 

 more high. Radical haves very large and often slightly toothed. 

 Involucre with hooked scales, which fasten themselves most pertina- 

 ciously to clothes and the coats of animals. These scales are some- 

 times glabrous, and occasionally have a more or less abundant cottony 

 substance interwoven with them in some of our varieties; whence three 

 species have been established by some authors, but with very unsatis- 

 factory characters. 



17. Serratula Linn. Saw-wort, 



AcJienes obovate, compressed, glabrous. Pappus persistent, 

 pilose, hairs filiform in several rows, of which the interior is the 

 longest. Receptacle chaffy, the scales split into linear bristles. 

 Involucre oblong, imbricated with straight unarmed scales. 

 Filaments papillose: anthers with a short blunt appendage, 

 ecaudate at the base. — Name : serrida^ a little savo^ which the 

 margins of the leaves represent. 



1. S. tinctoria L, (common S.) ; dioecious, leaves entire or 

 pinnatifid, involucral scales glabrous, or slightly connected with 

 a cobweb-like down, outer ones ovate appressed, inner linear 

 coloured. E. B. t. 38. 



Thickets and pastures. Not indic^enous in Scotland. %. 8. 

 Stem 2 — ;5 ft. high, branched, stiff. Leaves usually pinnatifid or 

 lyrate, and finely serrated, sometimes entire and without serratures, 

 as in Appley Wood, I. of Wight, Miss Taten. Flowers purple. 

 It dyes cloth yellow, 



18. Saussurea Be Cand. Saussurea. 



Achenes glabrous. Pappus double, sessile ; exterior of short 

 rough bristles; inner feathery, deciduous. Receptacle bristly 

 or chaffy. Involucre imbricated with unarmed scales. Fila- 



i 



