\ 



234 XL VI. composite: cy^\\roc£phal^. [Carli 



^iii 



ma. 



The seeds of this and of others of the Thistle trihe are much eatea 

 by birds. It is cultivated in Scotland as the Scotch Thistle 



22. Carlina Linn. Carline-thistle. 



Achenes oblong, cylindincal, silkj. Pappus feathery, sessile 

 hairs unequally united at the base. Receptacle chaffy, scales irre- 

 gularly cleft. Involucre imbricated, tumid ; the outer scales lax 

 with numerous spines ; the inner coloured, spreading resemblino- 

 a ray. Anthers with ciliated bristles at the base, and lono- 

 appendages at the apex. — Name : the same as Carolina^ from 

 a tradition that the root was shown by an angel to Charlemaonie 

 as a remedy for the plague which prevailed in his army. 



1. C. vulgaris L. (common C.) ; stem many-flowered corym- 

 bose pubescent, leaves lanceolate unequally spinous and sinuate 

 downy beneath. £!. B. t. 1144. 



Dry hilly pastures, and fields. Rare in the west of Scotland- 

 Galloway; Benmanhead, Isle of Arran. ^. 6 — 10. — One foot 

 high, very spinous, but the spines generally short. Eivt. scales or 

 leaflets of the involucre mucli resembling ihe leaves^ but smaller; inner 

 ones linear, membranous, yellow, entire, spreading and forming a 

 horizontal ray around the purplish /ore^5. Anthers with two brlsUes 

 at the base. 



[Of (7. racemosa a single specimen was found in the Isle of Arran, 

 Galway Bay, Ireland, by Mr. Andrews; but truly indigenous species 

 do not occur in an isolated manner, unless where expelled by culti- 

 vation.] 



23. Centaurea Linn. Knapweed, Blue-bottle, and Star- 

 thistle. (Tab. IV. B.) 



Aclienes compressed. Pap)pus pilose or scaly or none, rarely 

 exceeding the achene in length. Receptacle hrhilj. Involucre 

 imbricated. Florets of the disk perfect ; of the circumference 

 narrow, funnel-shaped, irregular, without stamens or pistil 

 (neuter), longer than those of the disk, and resembling a ray 

 (sometimes wanting).— So named, because with a plant of this 

 genus it is said the Centaur Chiron cured himself of a wound 

 received in the foot from Hercules. « 



I 



* Invohicral scales linear, with a broad scarious appendaae at the avex. ^°' * 



Mead 

 aniiW. 



0. 



acup 

 im in I 



stales, a 





Im 



l.Q. ""JdceaL. (broum-raT/cd K.) ; involucral appendages 

 scariose torn the outer pinnatifid, leaves linear-lanceolate the 

 lower ones broader and toothed, beads rayed, pappus none. 

 JS. B. U 1678. "^ ^ ^^ 



Hedges and waste places. Sussex. Belmont castle and Inver- , , 



carnty, Angusshire ; Craignethan Castle, Lanarkshire; Belfast, " '•^• 



Ireland. i;. 8, 9. — Lower leaves obovato-lanceolate, petioled, | ff^d 

 toothed; ujjper ones entire, sessile. The appendages of the scales 



"'", se' 



