4 BULLETIN" 567, 17. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



streams made inaccessible by debris from freshets; trees blown down 

 or struck by lightning : those where cups had been hung on the dead 

 side of the tree; and faces that "dried out" soon after chipping. A 

 count was made of such faces, including every one that had dried 

 out to any extent and those on trees that had died from unknown 

 causes. The portions of the season lost by these faces are given in 

 Table 1. The yields for the season have not been corrected for such 

 losses, since these must be accepted in all operations. 



Table 1. — Faces lost on account of "dry peaks," "dry faces," trees dying, faces not 

 being chipped, and various causes not avoidable in turpentine operations. 



1 Actual 

 Plot. faces 

 'worked. 



Portion of season lost — 



Portion of season lost by faces 

 on trees dying for reasons not 

 apparent— 



0to|. 



1 

 J to*. ' 1-to |. J to all. Oto *. 



J to*. 



i to J. J to all. 





6.142 

 6.S81 

 3.049 



151 

 149 

 90 



33 17 2 2 20 8 2 





is 11 3 ! 5 11 1 





37 1:3 13 4 n 1 3 

















YIELDS. 



The actual yields obtained are given in Table 2. In this table, as 

 well as throughout the bulletin, the weight of the rosin includes the 

 weight of the barrel. Usually in selling rosin no deduction is made 

 from the gross weight. Since each of the three areas had a different 

 number of faces, in Table 3, for purposes of comparison, the figures 

 are reduced to a basis of 10,000 faces, or one crop, which usually is 

 taken as the standard unit in the naval-stores industry. 



Little importance should be attached to the difference in the grades 

 and in the amount of each grade of rosin produced by the different 

 areas, since the grades were lowered by carrying over a few barrels of 

 gum from one charge to the next, as explained. The deterioration on 

 standing was shown by a simple experiment with gum from the 

 standard area. 



Sixteen barrels of this gum were held over for nearly a month 

 during the middle of the season. At the time this gum was col- 

 lected, that from the entire place produced rosin which graded about 

 60 per cent W G and N. The treatment of this gum in the woods and 

 at the still was similar to that given the 16 barrels held over, except 

 for the time elapsing between collection and distillation. All the 

 rosin from these 16 barrels graded M at least one grade lower than 

 that from the fresh gum. The total effect of the stored gum on the 

 grades of rosin could not be determined, so that in considering the 

 economic side of the experiments a nominal uniform price per barrel 

 will be selected. 



