8 BULLETIN 567, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Table 6. — Monthly rainfall and temperature during the season of 1916 at Columbia, Miss. 



Rainfall and temperature. 



March. 



April. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Au-. 



gust. 



Sep- 

 tem- 

 ber. 



Octo- 

 ber. 



Mean rainfall at Columbia inches. . 



Departure from normal at Colum- 

 bia inches . . 



Mean temperature for Columbia. . °F . . 



Mean temperature for the State for a 

 period of over 10 years °F . . 



5.20 



-.19 

 60.2 



57.8 



3.83 



-2.24 

 64.8 



64.3 



12.44 



+5.65 

 75.3 



71.9 



1.64 



-3.21 

 80.2 



78.7 



9.25 



+3.12 

 82.6 



80.9 



2.54 



-1.63 

 82.5 



80.8 



2.28 



-3.48 



75.6 



75.9 



2.33 



-.17 

 65.4 



64.0 



The above data show that the season can not be considered as unusual in regard to either rainfall or 

 temperature. 



RETURNS FROM DOUBLE CHIPPING IN DOLLARS AND CENTS. 



During the season of 1916 the price of turpentine varied from 36 

 to 50 cents per gallon, Savannah quotations. During the greater 

 portion of the season turpentine was quoted at more than 40 cents, 

 but at the still it sold at Savannah quotations, less freight rates to 

 this market. For the purposes of this report, 40 cents per gallon 

 will be taken as the average price of turpentine for 1916. 



Very little difference in price existed between the various grades 

 of rosin during the season of 1916. Water-white and window-glass 

 rosins were produced almost exclusively up to August 1, the prices 

 ranging from $5.10 to $6.60 for WG and $5.20 to $6.90 for WW. 

 After August 1, F, the lowest grade of rosin produced on the place, 

 sold at from $6 to $6.35. In order to make a conservative estimate 

 of the added returns, the average price of rosin at the still was 

 assumed to be $5 per barrel. 



Upon this basis the increased yield from double chipping would 

 show the following excess value per crop : 



1,007 gallons increase in turpentine, at 40 cents per gallon $402. 80 



38,003 pounds increase in rosin, at $5 per barrel of 280 pounds 678. 50 



Total 1, 081. 30 



From this amount should be subtracted the extra cost of operating 

 under the new method. Besides the actual cost of the extra streaks, 

 other expenses are entailed. On a 50-crop place it will be necessary 

 to maintain from 55 to 60 extra men, requiring about 35 extra houses 

 at $150 each. Against the houses must be charged interest on the 

 investment and a depreciation of about 30 per cent. There would 

 also be needed an extra woodman at $900 per year, and an extra 

 "stiller" with a crew of four, requiring an expenditure of about $2,000 

 per year. Numerous additional minor expenses will be found listed 

 in Table 7, in which the extra charges have been reduced to the one- 

 crop basis. 



