76 CARL BOVALLIUS, AMPHIPODA HYPERIIDEA. I. 2. HYPERIID^. 



The type for the genus Hyperia and thiis also for the family Hyperiidae is the one 

 first described of all Hyperids, viz; »Pulex cancriformis antennis brevissimis», of 

 Hans Ström,') from the year 1762. It was named »Cancer medusarum», by O. F. 

 Muller^) in 1776. The short diagnosis of Muller and the original drawing of Str0m 

 were reproduced by subsequent authors; and in 1823 we find the generic name Hyperia 

 applied to it. The name was given by Latreille, but lirst published by Desmarest in 

 his y>Malacostracées>'> in the »Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles», the 28:th volume, p. 347. 

 In 1830 H. Milne Edwards^) i-anged the whole of the then known Hyperids in the »Fa- 

 mille des Hypérines», Avhich thus is a synonym for the name of the tribe »Amphipoda 

 Hyperiidea». Ten years låter he'^) divided the family into three subdivisions, viz; 1, »Tribu 

 des Hypérines gammaroides», 2, »Tribu des Hypérines ordinaires», and 3, 

 »Tribu des Hypérines anormales». In the second of these divisions, »Hypérines 

 ordinaires», he quoted the genera, Hyperia, Latreille, Metoecus, Kroeyer, Phorcus, 

 H. Milne Edwards, Ti/ro, n. g., Primno, Guérin, Lestrigonus, H. Milne Edwards, Daira, 

 H. Milne Edwards, Themisto, Gdérin, Anchylomera, H. Milne Edwards, Phrosina, Risso, 

 and Phronima, Latreille. 



In 1852 Dana, see the list of synonyms above, established the family Hyperidae 

 with three subfamilies including the foUowing genera; the first subfamily ^iVibilinien, Avith 

 Vihilia, H. Milne Edwards; the second subfamily y>Hyperincey>, with Lestrigonus, Tyr o, 

 Hyperia, Metoecus, Tauria, Dana, Cyllopus, Dana, Daira (= Dairinia or Dairilia, Dana) 

 and Cystisoma, Guérin; the third subfamily y>Synopince)-), Avith Synopia, Dana. He had 

 thus removed from the Hyperidis, the Phronimids, the Anchylomerids, the Phorcids, 

 and erroneously the genus Themisto, Avhich he placed in the family Phronimidce. In fact 

 he also removed lyra, naming its representative "»Clydonia^), and wrongly regarding it as 

 belonging to the Corophids. He did not recognize the identity of Tyro and Clydonia. 

 Thus the limits of the Hyperidaj Avere much restricted by Dana, but he committed an 

 error, Avhen he introduced in the genus Daira, H. Milne Edwards, and thus in the family 

 Hyperidaa, the new species Daira {Dairinia) dehilis, D. depressa, and D. ina^quipes; 

 they belong, as Avill be shoAvn below, to the Lycasids. 



Spence Bate in 1856 inentioned as British members of the family Hyperida?, the 

 genera Hyperia and Lestrigonus. A. Boeck in 1860 recorded the same genera from the 

 NorAvegian coast. 



In 1862 Spence Bate regarded the folloAving genera as belonging to the family Hy- 

 peridae, viz; Lestrigonus, Hyperia, Vibilia, Cyllopus, Tyro, Dairinia, Cystosoma, and 

 Themisto; he thus restituted Themisto to its proper place, but systematically he made a 

 step backAvaixls by uniting the subfamily y^Vibilince"» with Hy per id as. 



A. GoÉs in 1865 quoted as arctic members of Hyperidae the genera Themisto and 

 Hyperia; and A. Boeck in 1870 as arctic and boreal ones Hyperia, Metoecus, Para- 



^) Hans Str0M. Physisk og oeconomisk Beskrivelse över Fogderiet S0ndm0r. Vol. 1, j3. 188. Sor0e, 

 1762, 4:o. 



-) O. F. Muller. Zoologiae Danicse Prodromus, p. 196. Copenhagen, 1876. 



^) H. Milne Edwards. »Extrait de Recherches pour servir k THistoire naturells des Cmstacés amphi- 

 podes». Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Torne 20:me, p. 385. Paris, 1830. 



*) H. Milne Edwards. Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés Torne 3:me, p. 70—102. Paris, 1840. 



