^^ 



HUMAN 



SPECIES. 



by art, can produce thefe efFedls ; and laftly, in others creative 



per- 



phyfical pov/er and creative genius can only bring about fuch de- 

 firable ends. Thefe general principles convince us of the various 

 kinds and degrees of happinefs in the various tribes vifited by us in 



J 



r 



the South-Seas. The great increafe of population in an ifle of fome 

 fize, made it neceffary to unite into focieties for mutual defence 



r 



and afliflance, and gave rife to the formation of property, and ex- 

 erted cultivation. This required laws and regulations, and 

 fons who fliould Superintend their execution ; anarchy reigns among 

 the barbarous tribes, and defpotifm takes place among thofe which 

 are more civilized and nearer related to Eaflern defpotic countries. 

 Cultivation enables mankind beft to enjoy the higheft degree of 

 happinefs, and it is therefore preferable to the, rambling flate of 

 lliepherd nations, or what is ftill worfe, tlie wild tribes that live 

 hy fulling and hunting. Men in fociety advance tovv'ards perfec- 

 tionby a flridl regard to truth or candour, by humanity, and by per- 

 fefting their moral ideas and moral fenfe, of which various exam- 

 ples are produced among the inhabitants of the South Sea. The 

 charaderift'ic anions of people, form their manners, which accord- 

 ' ingly are defcribed in the nations we faw, together with the refine- 

 ments in their manners, and even their luxury, with fome account 

 of the probable origin and progrefs of their Arreeoys. The fitua- 

 tion of tlie fair fex in the various tribes we faw, is reprcfented; they 



4 E 2 



579 



MANNERS 

 COiMPAKliD 



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