4 



GLACIERS OF THE ALPS. 



*TJPPEE 



Gallery. 



, Table-case 



in Recess 41 



1. 



m 



tens of the moraine matter of the Glaciers of the Alps. 



Lower glacier of the Aar. 

 Fine moraine clay, derived from the Finster Aar 



if Trift This glacier is 



nearly two miles east of the "Pavilion" of M. Dolfuss- 



Ausset 



f Trift 



that part of the Aar glacier. The end of the lower glacier 

 of the Aar is 5,900 feet above the sea. 



2.— Fine moraine clay, derived from the Finster Aar 

 Horn, in little heaps of several pounds on the surface of the 

 loicer glacier of the Aar, below the Pavilion. 



3.— On the same glacier, as above, west of the Pavilion. 



4— Q 



Finster 



gravel, derived from 



Pavilion. 

 5. 



left by a block of ice upset 

 ver glacier of 



on 



Sandy gravel, covering a large gravelly cone on the 

 same glacier, \\ miles from its terminal declivity. 



These cones of ice are generally regular in form, steep 

 on the sides, and often 5 to 20 feet in height. They originate 

 in any heap of earth or stones placed on the ice, so* as to 

 protect it from the heat of the sun. From the same cause 

 moraines on the ice are generally convex. The cones are 

 frequently formed, as follows :— Into slight hollows in the 

 ice, mud, sand, and gravel are washed ; this in sunny weather 

 absorbs heat, and aids in melting the ice so as to increase 

 the size of the hollow in which it lies. By degrees, however 

 the accumulation of matter becomes so thick that the heat is 

 no longer transmitted through it, and it acts as a protection 

 from the rays of the sun, and prevents further melting of the 

 ice that immediately underlies it : the surrounding ice then 

 begins to dissolve and the inverted cone becomes converted 

 into an erect cone, protected for a time from external heat 

 by a covering of mud, sand, and gravel. 





tin 



of 



Pl< 



