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AND DRIFT ICE. 



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to the height of more than 2,000 feet, in Derbyshire at least XIppeb 

 to 1,500 feet, and as high, or perhaps higher, in many parts GA ^f. EY> 

 of Scotland ; and all between these elevations and the present iSfclSSi 



1 c ontine n . sea level, the signs of drift-ice are unmistakeable. Thus for 



1 • * M — -. — ^ . ^ 



instance, in Pembrokeshire, north of St. Bride's Bay, the 



scatter^ low countr 7 is covered with great boulders, derived from 



the greenstone hills that rise above the drift near St. David's 



Head 



• # • ^^ * 



>logists ij 2t 1S ; m P° ssible they could ever have given birth to glaciers 

 7 recogni; and ice "bergs, and the large boulders derived from them 

 e of glacis m ! lst have been floated and scattered by coast-ice that in 

 and, Walt wi . nter gathered round a few low islets. The same kind of 



evidence is conspicuous at and near Charnwood Forest, in 

 Leicestershire, where the highest hills are only 800 feet' in 

 height, from whence long trains of boulders of greenstone and 

 syenite have been borne many miles to the south. The 

 whole of the central counties of England are more or less 

 dotted with boulders of limestone, granite, greenstone, &c, 



of them transported from Cumberland, and perhaps 

 from Scotland ; and the eastern shores of England contain 



totl 

 [j depress 

 itures WJ 

 old shotf 



:-ice on 4 boulders drifted from Scandinavia. 

 Lsts and i 



some 



While much of this drift was transported from low coasts 

 •faces Ot by shore-ice, it is, however, equally certain that great part 

 many a? of it originated in true glacier moraine matter that reached 

 arca s tit the sea by means of glaciers, that, when the country was at 



various elevations, descended to the sea level, and their 

 extremities floating up and breaking off as icebergs, bore 

 away large freights of moraine— earth, stones, and boulders, 

 to be dropped to the bottom of the sea wherever the ber^s 



chanced to melt. 



North Wales, from 



whence the moraine specimens of this Case are derived, and 

 the same kind of evidence is equally strong in other areas. 

 In Wales terminal moraines frequently form the confining 

 barriers of mountain lakes and tarns.* Llyn Idwal, in Nant 

 Francon, and Llyn Llydaw on Snowdon, among others, form 



Also in the Highlands, the Vosges, &c. 





