

saves. 



St 



nta of ChaH 





part of 

 »g coarse n 



ave obtai 



iii; 



still final 



•ingdistrk 



Jpper (fa 



■' C oalbrool 



y, Salop, 

 ottcested 



t. 



#' 



us I** 



«/rft 



» 



./^ 



a a* 



# ,r 



f (froP 1 



CLAYS AND SHALES. 



55 



Measures, locally termed "under clay," from its mode of oc- Upper 

 currence immediately under the seams of coal.— Forest of 



t\ s>t7 . 7* Wall-case 41 , 



Dean, Gloucestershire. 



149. — Fire clay, {from Coal Measures,) exhibiting part 

 of a root and rootlets of Stigmaria. — Glascote Colliery, 

 Tamworth. 



150. — Fire clay, (from Coal Measures,) locally termed 

 H over clay," with impressions of ferns. — Forest of Dean, 

 Gloucestershire. 



151. — Fire clay, containing rootlets of Stigmaria (from 

 Coal Measures). — -Donnington Wood, Salop. 



152. — Calcareous shale (Wenlock). — Rock Farm near 

 Longhope, Gloucestershire. This rock is in places so soft, 

 that it is used for brickmaking, and in other localities where 

 it has been subjected to greater pressure it forms slabs and 

 slates. — A. C. R. 



153. — Kimeridge clay, containing numerous fossil shells. 



154— Sha 

 near Sherlm 



Westminster 



Devizes, Wilts 

 )LAY, Oxford C 

 Dorset. 



Marchio 



155. — Shaly clay, Kimeridge Clay, from the upper beds, 



containing fossil shells. 

 Dorset 



Chapman's Pool, Isle of P rbeck, 



155 to 162 show a gradual increase of carbonaceous mat- 



ter, indicating a kind of imperceptible gradation from shale 

 to coal. 



156. 

 157. 



Me as 



Scotland. 

 Kimeridge Bay 



bituminous shale used for manufacturing naphtha, &o 



This clay is strongly impregnated with bitumen, which 

 causes it to give out a very disagreeable odour when 

 burnt. It burns very readily, with a yellowish, rather 

 heavy, and smoky flame, but owing to the large quantity 

 of earthy matter it contains, combined with the disagree- 

 able smell evolved during the process of combustion, it 



