﻿396 
  R- 
  T. 
  Young, 
  

  

  A 
  further 
  argument 
  against 
  Child's 
  view 
  regarding 
  these 
  

   cells 
  is 
  furnished 
  by 
  his 
  own 
  figures 
  (1. 
  c, 
  tab. 
  4), 
  which 
  show 
  

   the 
  supposedly 
  first 
  cleavage 
  spindle 
  placed 
  absolutely 
  irregularly^ 
  

   with 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  ''polar 
  bodies". 
  

  

  Following 
  the 
  union 
  of 
  yolk 
  cell 
  and 
  egg 
  cell 
  and 
  the 
  surrender 
  

   of 
  the 
  yolk 
  of 
  the 
  former, 
  it 
  increases 
  in 
  size 
  from 
  an 
  average 
  

   diameter 
  of 
  6,7 
  to 
  13,3 
  ß^), 
  as 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  by 
  a 
  comparison 
  of 
  

   Figs. 
  63 
  and 
  11, 
  and 
  as 
  described 
  by 
  van 
  Beneden 
  (1881)^ 
  

   St. 
  Remy 
  (1901), 
  and 
  Leuckart 
  (1856). 
  As 
  it 
  does 
  so 
  there 
  gathers 
  

   in 
  it 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  spherules 
  which 
  are 
  probably 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  food 
  

   bodies 
  so 
  frequently 
  found 
  in 
  cestode 
  tissues, 
  and 
  w^hich 
  possibly 
  

   correspond 
  to 
  the 
  "shining 
  fatty 
  bodies 
  sometimes 
  granular 
  (in) 
  

   nature" 
  of 
  Leuckart 
  (1886, 
  p. 
  323) 
  and 
  the 
  ''granulations 
  réfringents" 
  

   of 
  VAN 
  Beneden 
  (1881) 
  and 
  St. 
  Remy 
  (1901); 
  altho 
  van 
  Beneden 
  

   expressly 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  granules 
  to 
  which 
  he 
  refers 
  are 
  not 
  colored 
  

   by 
  osmic 
  acid, 
  while 
  in 
  my 
  material 
  this 
  is 
  their 
  most 
  chracteristic 
  

   feature 
  (Fig. 
  65). 
  It 
  is 
  possible 
  however 
  that 
  in 
  his 
  material 
  they 
  

   were 
  in 
  a 
  different 
  chemical 
  condition 
  from 
  that 
  in 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  

   found 
  them. 
  They 
  probably 
  serve 
  as 
  food 
  material 
  for 
  the 
  developing 
  

   embryo, 
  are 
  digested 
  and 
  absorbed 
  by 
  the 
  latter, 
  and 
  hence 
  are 
  

   differently 
  constituted 
  chemically 
  and 
  react 
  differently 
  toward 
  osmic 
  

   acid 
  at 
  different 
  times. 
  That 
  similar 
  bodies 
  are 
  absorbed 
  food 
  

   material 
  and 
  hence 
  transitory 
  structures 
  is 
  indicated 
  by 
  an 
  ex- 
  

   periment 
  performed 
  on 
  an 
  unidentified 
  species 
  from 
  Phalacrocorax 
  

   dilopkus, 
  in 
  which 
  worms 
  from 
  the 
  small 
  intestine 
  of 
  a 
  well 
  fed 
  

   bird 
  and 
  of 
  one 
  which 
  had 
  fasted 
  for 
  three 
  days 
  were 
  fixed 
  and 
  

   stained 
  in 
  precisely 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  -), 
  the 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  

   bird 
  showing 
  abundant 
  granulations, 
  while 
  in 
  those 
  from 
  the 
  latter 
  

   they 
  were 
  absent, 
  v. 
  Janicki 
  (1907) 
  has 
  described 
  and 
  figured^) 
  

   the 
  same 
  bodies 
  in 
  this 
  cell 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  instances, 
  but 
  considers 
  them 
  

   abnormal. 
  When 
  present 
  they 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  entire 
  uterus 
  content 
  

  

  1) 
  Average 
  of 
  10 
  sectioned 
  eggs 
  in 
  each 
  case. 
  An 
  average 
  of 
  10 
  

   cells 
  from 
  a 
  smear 
  preparation 
  gave 
  16,1 
  jLi 
  in 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  stage 
  as 
  

   that 
  giving 
  13,3 
  in 
  sections. 
  The 
  reason 
  for 
  this 
  is 
  doubtless 
  the 
  dis- 
  

   tortion 
  produced 
  by 
  the 
  method 
  of 
  preparation 
  in 
  the 
  smears. 
  Con- 
  

   siderable 
  difficulty 
  exists 
  in 
  making 
  these 
  measurements 
  accurate 
  even 
  in 
  

   sectioned 
  material, 
  due 
  to 
  indefiniteness 
  of 
  cell 
  boundaries 
  and 
  mutual 
  

   pressure 
  between 
  adjoining 
  embryos. 
  

  

  2) 
  Length 
  of 
  time 
  of 
  fixation 
  may 
  have 
  varied 
  slightly. 
  

  

  3) 
  Compare 
  his 
  figs. 
  4a, 
  19, 
  20 
  and 
  46 
  with 
  my 
  Fig. 
  65. 
  

  

  