PALEOLITHIC MAN IN THE PHILIPPINES. HOMO 

 PHILIPPINENSIS. 



By Robert Bennett Beax. 

 (From the Anatomical Laboratory, Philippine iledical School, Manila, P. I. 



The discoveiy of a lower jaw at Mauer, near Heidelberg, by Dr. 

 Otto Sclioetensack, on October 21, 1907, marks the earliest form of man 

 yet found in Europe. This man has been called Homo heidelhergensis, 

 and the jaw is jjeculiar in that it unites two seemingly contradictory 

 qualities: massiveness of jaw with absence of chin ("negative chin 

 formation," H. Ivlaatsch), and an especially square, ascending ramus, 

 qualities called pithecoid. Homo heidelbergensis belongs to the earliest 

 paleolithic age, or to the transition period from Diluvium to late Ter- 

 tiary (pliocene). 



Another early paleolithic form was recently discovered in the lower 

 grotto of Le Moustier (Dordogne), where a skeleton was unearthed 

 bearing the marks of the older Diluvial race, resembling the iSTeander- 

 thal type. The massive proportions of the chinless jaw are remarkable. 

 The femur is extraordinarily short, the length is estimated at 19.5 

 centimeters, and the lower extremities are necessarily short. 



Another find of great importance occured in Prance near La Chapelle- 

 aux-Saints (Correze) on August 3, 1908, in the form of a skeleton of a 

 man in an absolutely undisturbed stratum, by the Abbes A. and J. Bouys- 

 sonie and L. Bardon. The subject was an old man of about 160 centi- 

 meters stature. The skull is dolichocephalic, with an index of 7-5 ; its 

 height is small; the huge round orbits and wide nagal apertures resemble 

 the ITeanderthal skulls. The face is prognathous and the mandible is 

 veiy large, with absence of chin. 



The cultural and fossil findings in connection with the remains place 

 them in three succeeding periods of time, Homo heidelbergensis being 

 older, and the other two more recent and of about the same date, tut 

 all of great antiquity. 



Men of similar form may be seen in the Philippines to-day, rarely, 

 it is true, but the close observer who lives among the people of different 

 parts of the Archipelago for years can hardly fail to notice such types. 

 It was my good fortune to make observations and measurements of such 

 a man at Taytay, in the Province of Eizal, Island of Luzon, on April 

 5, 1909, during my anthropometric survey of the town. The man came 

 to the clinic of the Free Dispensary which was being operated during 

 the survey and was treated for sexual neurasthenia. He disappeared as 



