154 SEALE. 



into the cans was drawn to a very minute point so that the air simply 

 bubbled up through the water in a very small stream. (See lig. 1.) 



HE Philippine Islands 



When everything was ready, the fish were placed in six 3S-liter milk 

 cans which had previously been scalded and cleaned; about twenty-nine 

 fish being allotted to each can. The temperature of the Spring Valley 

 water in whicli the fish started was 11° ; that of the air, 16° ; and of the 

 sea-water, 14°. 



We sailed from San Francisco April 5, 1907. The next morning, 

 while washing down decks, a sailor carelessly allowed some salt T\'ater 

 to iiin into one can and fourteen of the fish therein were dead before 

 we discovered the cause. However, not another fish was lost until we 

 reached Honolulu. The second day out, food in the form of hard- 

 boiled eggs, was offered the fish, but they would not eat. In the mean- 

 time the temperature of the water in the cans had been increased 

 gradually to 21°, the air was 26". and the sea water 3.5°. 5. 



When the transport coaled at Honoluhr, despite-all efforts to |)revent it, 

 more or less coal dust sifted into the cans, and six fish died during the 

 two days' stay at that port. The remaining fish were alive when we 

 reached Manila, May 1-, twenty-eight days after starting from San 

 Francisco. 



AVhen we were two days out from Honolulu the fish began to eat. 

 They were fed on chopped crabs secured from the cold storage on the ship. 

 They were given a small amount of food once a day, and they ate greedily. 

 Shrimps were substituted occasionally for crabs. 



A large pailful of water was taken from each can every day and 

 replaced by one of fresh water from the ' ship's reservoir. On every 

 third day each can, after the fish were poured into another, was thor- 

 oughly cleaned and scalded in order to prevent the' growth o"f fungus; 

 and every morning and evening the excreta and refuse in the bottom 

 of the cans were siphoned out with a rubber pipe 18 millimeters in 

 diameter. After leaving Honolulu the temperature of the water in 



