FILIPINO EARS, H: EARS FROM THE MALECON MORGUE. 



By Robert Bennett Bean. 

 {From the Anatomical Lahoratory, Philippine lledical School.) 



The ears of all the unclaimed bodies fhat remained in the Manila 

 Citj' Morgue during a short period of time are presented here in three 

 plates to illustrate the Primitive, the Iberian, and various forms of 

 blended ears. The individuals represent a small section of a random 

 sample of the lower strata of Manila's population. There are in all 19 

 adult male and 7 adult female Filipinos and 1 adult male Eussian. A 

 table containing the stature, cephalic index and nasal index of the subjects 

 is given so that the physical characteristics of the individual ma)^ be 

 compared with the ear type. 



The Iberian ears are shown in Plate I. The ears in the upper row 

 are Iberian Type A; those in the middle row are Iberian. Type B; and 

 those in the lower row are Iberian Type D. The most characteristic ear 

 of each type is placed on the left; the others are modified forms. Photo- 

 graphs of both the right and left ear of each subject are reproduced in 

 two positions : Pirst, the side view of each ; then the right ear from beliind 

 and the left ear from in front. 



Detailed descriptions are unnecessar}", but a few salient facts may be 

 :nentioned. The essential characteristics of the Iberian ear are seen in 

 the inversion of the concha and the rolling out of the helix. This gives 

 a shallow bowl in the concha and a flat helix below. The whole ear 

 assumes a fiat appearance and is usually placed parallel to the head rather 

 than at right angles.' The rim of the helix is shaped like the italic letter 

 / or the old English or German ffj which can be seen when the ear is 

 looked at from behind. The ear is thin, the lines of the skin are fine, and 

 the skin is smooth in appearance, but harsh to the touch. 



The Modified Primitive ears of Plate II are arranged in the order 

 of increasing modification from the upper left-hand corner to the lower 

 right-hand corner of the plate. The Primitive ear is characterized by 

 inversion of the concha and rolling in of the helix. The upper and lower 

 parts of the latter project in the formation of a shelf. The concha is 

 deep and resembles a bowl. Viewed from behind, the flat dorsal surface 



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