224 CHRISTIE. 



The other style of corn mill is called at San Esteban the 

 "Kagayan mill" because it is said to be an article of export to 

 that province. It is not used to any appreciable extent by the 

 San Esteban people and I have seen but one specimen, which 

 may or may not have been typical. These mills are said to 

 weigh usually about 50 kilograms. The one I saw was somewhat 

 lighter. The upper and nether stones were of the same dia- 

 meter, but the lower stone was 2 centimeters thinner than the 

 upper. The upper stone had a sunken space on the surface 

 into which the corn was poured and then worked through a 

 hole onto the lower stone. The mill, beside being of greater 

 size than those in common local use, differed in that the stick 

 with which the upper stone was turned on the lower was thrust, 

 not into the upper surface of the upper stone, but into a hole 

 in its side, about half way between its upper and lower edges. 



The reason for the difference in size between the com mills 

 made for local use and those intended for the Kagayan trade 

 is said by the San Esteban people to be that the Kagayan people 

 eat much corn and so want it ground fine, while the San Esteban 

 people usually intend the corn they grind for fattening pigs. 



RICE MILLS. 



These articles, as made at San Esteban, vary in size and are 

 roughly classified accordingly by the stone workers into "first" 

 and "second" class. Most of the local product belongs to the 

 latter. One which seemed fairly typical to me had the following 

 dimensions : 



Dimension. Cm. 



Diameter of upper stone 25 



Thickness of upper stone 12 



Diameter of nether stone 41 

 Thickness of nether stone 8 



Length of spout (on nether stone) 10.5 



It will be noted at once that the rice mill differs in appearance 

 from the corn mills. The lower stone is much larger in cir- 

 cumference than the upper. The nether stone also has a deep 

 groove or channel running around the lower edge of the upper 

 stone, to receive the ground rice. This channel ends in a pro- 

 jecting piece which may be called a spout, through which the 

 ground rice is removed. The upper stone is turned by means 

 of a short bar thrust in a hole on its side and situated about 

 halfway between the upper and lower edges of the stone. Rice 

 mills are much used for grinding rice to be used as starch. 



