226 CHRISTIE. 



A San Esteban product which deserves mention, although it 

 is no longer manufactured, is the stone cloth-polisher. The use 

 of cotton cloth with a shiny finish for men's trousers went out 

 of fashion among the Iloko people some years ago and the 

 demand for stone cloth-polishers went with it, but while the 

 fashion lasted, a number of these articles were made at San 

 Esteban and exported to Narvakan, Vigan, San Vicente, and in 

 all probabilitj^ to other towns. The Iloko word for the imple- 

 ment is Ud-lid-an. It consists of a heavy stone, frequently not 

 far from 200 kilograms in weight, whose shape can best be 

 understood from the illustration (Plate V). The cloth to be 

 treated is moistened and then wound on a roller. This roller 

 is placed on a heavy board with a concave surface. The stone, 

 the under side of which presents a flat' rectangular surface, is 

 then placed transversally on the roller. The operator steps up- 

 on the stone and by shifting his weight from one foot to the 

 other gives a "seesaw" motion to the stone. The stone is also 

 given a movement which takes it from one end of the roller 

 to the other, and thus comes in contact with the whole width 

 of the cloth. The illustration does not represent an actual 

 operation. The man is posed to show the position taken by 

 users of the Ud-lid-an. In actual practise, the heavy concave 

 board is partially sunk in the ground to keep it steady, and a 

 hand-rail is set up on the right and left of the operator, on 

 Avhich he uses his hands to assist him in keeping his balance. 



I have seen only one Ud-lid-an in use. This was at Narvakan, 

 Ilokos Sur. I have seen disused and neglected stone cloth pol- 

 ishers in San Vicente, Vigan, and San Esteban. 



There is some reason to believe that the idea of the Ud-lid-an, 

 and perhaps even the first models, came to the Iloko country from 

 China.i 



PRICES OF MANUFACTURED ARTICLES. 



In considering the possibilities of the San Esteban stone in- 

 dustry, the price at which the various articles have actually been 

 sold there in 1910 and 1911 is worthy of attention. 



Paving stones. — During the period from April 11, 1910, to 

 the end of the year, these articles were sold at San Esteban 



^ Since this article was written I have seen in the number of the National 

 Geographic Magazine for December, 1911, a reproduction of a photograph 

 taken in the Province of Szechuan, China, which shows a stone cloth- 

 polisher in use. This implement is identical in shape and manner of use 

 with the Ud-lid-an. 



