152 SHUPELDT. ' 



Below each glenoid fossa we meet with a prominent postglenoid process. 

 These are vertically compressed, nearly square in outline, smooth on their 

 upper articular surfaces, and roughened upon their lower. Both point 

 directly forward and veiy slightly downward. Through the aid of the 

 postglenoid" process, a glenoid fossa is rendered deep and capacious, aiford- 

 ing an ample socket for articulating with the powerful mandible upon 

 either side. 



Near the inner side of the postglenoid process occurs another conspic- 

 uous apophysis, which appears to correspond to the vaginal process of 

 anthropotomy. It is triangular in outline and produced anteriorly into 

 a sharp spine. The glenoid articular surface extends over the postglenoid 

 process, while between it and the base of the cranium we iind the orifice 

 of the canal for the Eustachian tube, the foramen for the internal carotid 

 artery, and other small foramina for nerves and vessels in the immediate 

 vicinity. 



The basioccipital area is smooth, rather broad, and mesially divided by 

 the above-described crest. We find no tympanic bullae as they occur in 

 many of the carnivora and other mammals. Each exoccipital area in 

 its place is roughened, flat, and quadrilateral in outline. 



Foramen lacerum posterius, the foramen stylomastoideus, and the 

 condylar foramen all occupy their usual sites, the first named being large 

 and oval in outline. The extei-nal auditory meatus is small, vertical, and 

 slit-like, being situated in a deep recess posterior to the glenoid fossa. A 

 thin, sharp rim of bone surrounds it upon all sides save above. 



The ossicula auditus, j)resumably consisting of the usual malleus, incus, 

 and stapes, will not be described here, while it is much to be regretted that 

 the osseous parts of the hyoidean apparatus are missing in all three of 

 these specimens. (The hyoid and larynx are described at the end of 

 this jDaper.) 



Cynocephaliis possesses only a fairly large cranial cavity. In two of 

 these specimens (2, 3) it has been considerably shattered by shot, and 

 in the remaining one (1) the vault of the skull was not removed for an 

 examination of the interior of the cranial casket. However, a view of 

 it was obtained in another (3), but the characters presented nothing 

 remarkable. The cribiform plate is large and subcircular in outline; the 

 perforations in it are rather minute and numerous. The "sella turcica" 

 and the clinoid processes are but feebly developed, while the usual 

 foramina are to be observed in the vicinity. More posteriorly, at the 

 hinder part of the cavity, a raised osseous crest marks the line for the 

 insertion of the tentorium cerebelli, dividing the fossa for the cerebrum 

 from that for the cerebellum, the latter not being especially capacious. 

 The internal vault of the cerebral cavity is fairly marked by the con- 

 volutions of the brain; a raised osseous crest in the median line divides 

 the left from the right side. The internal entrances of the usual neural, 



