230 BEYER AND BARTON. 



in Ifugao at that time and BattaiJ^'s death created great excitement among 

 the people. Nearly 5,000 persons from all parts of Central Ifugao and Western 

 Ifugao attended the ceremony, and more than 1,500 men, fully decorated for 

 the occasion, marched in the procession which conveyed the body to the tomb. 

 This was the largest gathering of people for a similar purpose that I have 

 ever witnessed in Ifugao. Through the misfortune of having exposed my last 

 film a few days before the event I was unable to obtain photographs. The 

 procession was very elaborate and required more than an hour to pass a given 

 point. From 200 to 300 men attended the vengeance ceremonies held on the 

 6 successive mornings following the burial. 



TIIE DEATH AND EUBIAL OF KALATONG. 



Kalatong of Kambulo (Plate I, fig. 1) was a man of very interesting character. 

 He was born in Barlig, in the Subprovince of Bontok, and was of mixed Bontok 

 and Ifugao parentage. He early won fame both as a warrior and as a diplomat, 

 and married the daughter of a wealthy chief of Kambulo. As is common in 

 Ifugao, he took up his residence in his wife's village, and soon attained much 

 prominence in the Kambulo elan. This excited the jealousy of the other chiefs, 

 who began to plot against him. Their plot was successful and late in the year 

 1905 Kalatoiig was imprisoned in Banaue on a charge later proved to have 

 been false. When Lieutenant Jefl'. D. Gallman (now Lieutenant-Governor of 

 Ifugao) took charge at Banaue he carefully investigated Kalatong's case and 

 completely exonerated him. During the investigation, at which I was present, 

 Kalatoiig made the most remarkable speech in his own defense that I have ever 

 heard made by any Ifugao. He held even his enemies, %vho filled the room, 

 spellbound. After Kalatong's release he attained to a power which up to that 

 time no other Ifugao chief had ever possessed. He completely dominated the 

 clans of Kambulo, BatSd, Talbok, and Ginihon, containing more than 12,000 

 people. However, in acquiring this great influence he made many enemies, and 

 some of them very bitter ones. He was a man with a very highly developed 

 sense of justice, and ruled his people with tact, diplomacy, and courage, going 

 alone into the most dangerous places. This eventually brought about his death, 

 for he was so just in his dealings with the people and with Lieutenant Gallman 

 that his enemies decided that the only way they could rid themselves of his 

 rule was by killing him. In January, 1908, three men of Ginihon clan treacher- 

 ously speared and beheaded Kalatong while he was bathing in the Ginihon 

 Eiver. As Ginihon clan had been very inimical to Kambulo before they were 

 conquered by Kalatoiig, they immediately made the latter's death the occasion 

 for a great head ceremony. However, they dared not keep the head, for fear 

 that the combined vengeance of Kambulo and the powerful town of Barlig 

 would wipe them out completely. They opened negotiations at once, and returned 

 the head to Kambulo from whence it was brought to Banaue. The photograph 

 for Plate II, fig. 1 was taken by me at Lieutenant Gallman's house on the day 

 the head was brought in. It was raining heavily and the negative is poor. 

 So far as I know this is the first and only negative of a freshly- taken head ever 

 made in the Mountain Province, and for that reason a print from it is here 

 reproduced. A disabled foot prevented my attending the great ceremonies at 

 the burial of Kalatong's body, but they were graphically described to me after- 

 wards by Lieutenant Gallman. 



The burial ceremonies on all above occasions were, with the exceptions 

 noted in the text, similai'- to those given at the munhviuiiui of Bahatan. 

 now to be described. 



