of Clupeid Fishes, 15 



Pristigasfer martii, Agassiz, Spix, Pise. Brazil, p. 55, pi. xxiv. a (1828) ; 



Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. o87. 

 Pristigaster phaeton, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 338. 



Depth of body li to 2 in the length, length of liead 3§ to 

 4. Snout shoi'ter than diameter of eye, whicli is 2i to 2| 

 in length ot" head; maxillary extending to below anterior 

 part of eye ; lower jaw^ projecting. Ridges on head run 

 parallel posteriorly. 20-2-3 gill-rakers on lower part of 

 anterior arch. Scales 39-42/17-18 ; ventral scutes 31-33, 

 posterior ones very prominent. Dorsal 15 ; longest rays a 

 little shorter than head; origin much nearer to end of snout 

 than base of caudal. Anal 46—55; origin bi hind dorsal ;- 

 length of base about twice in length of body. Pectorals a 

 little shorter than head. Dorsal and caudal powdered with 

 brown. 



Coast of Guiana and Brazil ; Amazon System. 



Six specimens^ 68-100 mm. in total length, from Jurua 

 River. 



4. Odontognathus_, Lacep., 1800. 



Hist. Nat. Poiss. ii. p. 221. 



Gnathoholus, Bloch. & Sclin. Syst. Ichth. i. p. 556 (1801). 



Prisf.iyastcr (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 460 (1868). 



Closely related to Opisthopteriis, but differs in the tapering 

 maxillary, which extends as far as the gill-opening or beyond 

 in adults. Anal fin long (67-78 rays) ; origin in front of 

 that of dorsal. Pelvics absent. Ventral scutes divided into 

 two series, thoracic and abdominal. 



Two species from tropical America. 



1. Odontognathiis mucronatus, v/ 



Odontognathus mucronatus, Lacep. Hist. Nat. Poiss. ii. p. 221, pi. -vii, 

 tig. 2 (1800) ; Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, 

 p. 438. 



Gnathoholus mucronatus. Bloch. «& Schn. Syst. Ichth. i. p. 556 

 (1801) ; Cut. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xxi. p. 91, pi. 611 (1848). 



Pristigaster mucronatus, Giinth. Cat. Pish. vii. p. 462 (1868). 



Depth of body 4f to 4| in the length, length of head 5^ 

 to 5f. Ventral profile more convex than dorsal. Snout 

 shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 3^ in length of 

 head ; maxillary truncate posteriorly in young, tapering in 

 adults, extending to below middle of eye in a specimen of 

 98 mm., to belo\v anterior half of eye in a smaller specimen ; 

 lower jaw projecting. PJdges on head diverge posteriorly. 

 25-26 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Ventral 

 scutes 8 + 12. Dorsal 11-12 ; origin a little in frout of 



