Animal Ecology of King^s College Chapely Cambridge. 245 



SiPHONAPTERA. 



CeratopJiyllus columhce. Pigeon Flea. 



This species is very common in larval and adult stages in 

 the nests during the summer ; not so numerous in winter. 

 The larvae, as pointed out above, fall into the category ojf 

 refuse-feeders, whilst the adults are blood-sucking parasites. 



Ischnopsyllus kexactenus. 



Three specimens were found on the barbastelle bat. Tliis 

 species is characteristically a parasite of the long-eared bat 

 (^Plecotus auritus). 



Mallophaga. 



Esthiopterum columhce. 



Occurs abundantly on the pigeons. 



Psocidae. 



One immature specimen only of an unidentified species 

 found amongst refuse^ on which it probably feeds. 



Khynchota, 

 Anthocoris sp. 



Not common. This bug is predaceous, and probably feeds, 

 in part at least, on larvae of Tenebino molitor. 



Apterygota. 

 Lepisma saccharina. 



Not uncommon amongst the refuse, on which it feeds. 



As is evident from the above observations, the fauna 

 under consideration is of a considerable complexity, and 

 further work will probably show that it is even more 

 complex. The existence of various species which prey upon 

 the refuse-feeders indicates that this association has been 

 well established for a long time. 



In conclusion, we would wish to express our gratitude to 

 Mr. F. Balfour-Browne for his continued help and kind 

 encouragement, and also to Mr. C. "Warburton, Dr. Hugh 

 Scott, and Mr. M. Gr. L. Perkins for help in identification of 

 species. 



