492 ' Mr. E. T. Guntlier on a 



are so mucli more pronounced than the corresponding 

 characters of recent U. arctos as to suggest that Ursine 

 science will be better helped by cousideriug it, and similar 

 contemporary^ Pleistocene remains, as belonging to a separate 

 species related to but distinct from U. arctos^ a species 

 originally founded by Linnaeus for living examples of 

 European Brown Bears. 



The jaw is in such an excellent state of preservation — 

 better than that of most recorded remains of fossil Bears 

 — tliat it merits independent description ; and although 

 fractured across the inferior dental canal, the damage has 

 been skilfully repaired in the Geological Department of the 

 British Museum. The condyle and angular region are in 

 perfect condition, as also is the range of molar and premolar 

 teeth, showing all the features upon which systematists have 

 largely relied for their identifications. It has the special 

 interest of being the first bear to be recorded in Oxford- 

 shire, and one of very few that have been found in central 

 England, between the countries of the Fen Bears (Owen, 

 1842) and those of Kirkdale in the north (Buckland, 1823) 

 and of the bears of Devon and South Wales in the west 

 (Owen, 1846 ; Busk, 1873). 



The jaw is larger than that of any U. arctos that we 

 have seen. The firm anchylosis of the symphysis and the 

 well-worn molar teeth show it to have belonged to a full- 

 grown individual, probably a male somewhat past the prime 

 of life. The teeth, shown in PI. II. figs. 2 & 5, are as 

 follows : — 



Incisors missing. 



Canine rather more slender than in U. spelceus : long 

 diam. at base of crown, 21 mm.; short ditto, 20 mm. 



Premolar 1 missing, but indicated by a well-defined 

 alveolus. 



Premolars 2-3 absent. 



Premolar 4 of the U, arctos iy^e, without the subsidiary 

 cusps characteristic of the Cave Bear. Two ridges 

 leading from the main cone to the posterior border 

 give the tooth the appearance of the corresponding 

 tooth in a bear named "C/. horribilis^' that was found 

 at Grays (PL II. fig. 4), but the inner ridge may be 

 })artly the result of wear. 



Molars i_2 similar to those of allied bears. They show 

 considerable signs of wear. 



Molars is a tooth of some importance. It is in every way 

 a larger tooth than is found in arctos, liorribilis^ or 



