Su/'fossil Hear fr<)tn Sweden. 50.*5 



tlie fact that i'ormcrly also in Eiirojjc there existed Ik'ars, 

 wliich with regard to their hirge molars exhibit a certain 

 resenibhuice to the nienil)ers of the group mentioned. A 

 A^ery good example of this is ofiered by a subfossil 15ear, the 

 lower jaw of which Mas found many years ago in the 

 province oi' Ilalhand, southern Sweden. 



This mandible has a very striking appearance, because its 

 molars (PI. IV. figs.3&4) are very mucli larger than the corre- 

 sponding ones of a recent Ursus arctos (fig. 2). The enamel 

 of 7/Zs is tuberculated almost as much as in the Cave Bear, 

 but even less coarsely, so far as my material for comparison 

 reaches. The resemblance in this respect with pruinosus 

 (fig. 1) is also api)areiit, but not so close. The situation 

 of m-^ of the latter is, however^ very similar to that in the 

 fossil Bear from Halland. In consequence of the great 

 size of the molars, in both these species the molar series 

 extends backwards so far that, when viewed from the side, 

 tlie ])osterior portion of W3 is concealed behind rainus 

 aacendetis of the mandible [cf. fig. 4). This is never the 

 ease in U. arctos, and, so far as I know, only in quite young- 

 Cave Bears, and the present fossil specimen is not very young 

 because m.2 shows plainly worn patches. 



From the Cave Bears (including U. deningeri and savini) 

 the present si)ecies differs in having the first, third, and 

 fourth premolars developed, as the alveoli prove (cf. fig. 3). 

 The fourth must have been of a comparatively very large 

 size, as its alveolar length is not less than 15 ram. This is 

 considerably more than in recent U. arctos. 



The first molar was also large, as its alveolar length is 

 24 5 mm., thus greater than in recent U. arctos and 

 approaching the Cave Bear group, but smaller than in 

 pruinosus. 



The dimensions of the crown of the second lower molar 

 are 27'7 mm. in length, 17 mm. in width. It is thus very 

 much larger than in any living U. arctos (cf. fig. 2) and 

 approaching those of the Cave Bear group. 



The dimensions of the crown of the third lower molar are 

 26 mm. in length and 18*2 mm. in breadth. Tliis tooth 

 iilso is consequently much larger than in the recent 

 U. arctos and it [cf. fig. 2) is even somewhat longer than 

 the same in U. pruinosus. To judge from Freudenberg's 

 measurements (1914), these dimensions appear to be even 

 larger than those of Bears named U. deningeri found in 

 Germany, although smaller than those in the simihirly 

 named Bears from England. From these notes it may be 

 apparent that this fossil Bear from llalhiud has a dentition 

 quite unlike any other Bear, uniting the presence of many 



