50 m'laughlin. 



Each chemical engine was handled b)' its own crew in charge of a 

 lieutenant of the fire department. 



Each tank wagon was in charge of an American foreman, wlio directed 

 the disinfection and was responsible for the thoroughness of the work 

 and for the conduct of the six natives who manned the pump and hose. 



In giving foremen their instructions, great stress was laid upon the 

 necessity of displaying courtesy at all times. They were instnicted to 

 take part in no argument with householders or others, and to do their 

 work Avith consideration for the feelings of the people, but none the less 

 thoroughly. If actual obstructions were encountered, they were to notify 

 the central office at once. The result of these instructions was that 

 during the whole campaign the valid complaints were less than a dozen. 

 All complaints were promptly investigated by the Acting Director of 

 Health, and if found to be valid, the foreman in charge was dismissed. 

 Only one case of actual obstruction was encountered; this man refused 

 to peraait the disinfectors to enter; he was arrested, fined fifty pesos 

 Philippine currency, (twenty-five dollars United States currency) and 

 no further trouble occurred. 



The organization was mobile, and concentration of disinfecting wagons 

 from Paco, Intramuros, and Sampaloc, as a reenforcement of Meisic and 

 Tondo, was efi^ected when necessary, with good results. 



The general plan of campaign was as follows : 



House-to-house inspection by police to discover promptly cases of cholera. 



Constabulary guard upon house and inmates to prevent ingress or egress until 

 removal of tlie patient and disinfection of the house. 



Examination of the stools of cholei'a contacts to find bacilli carriers, the 

 bacilli carriers being sent to San Lazaro Hospital for treatment. 



Daily disinfection of all insanitary closets with lime, and disinfection of 

 ground surfaces known to be, or suspected of being, soiled with faecal matter. 



An attempt was made to disinfect daily all closets in the strong 

 material districts, which were not flush closets or which were not kept 

 clean. In the light material districts, the effort to disinfect the dejecta 

 of the entire population necessitated the disinfection of entire districts. 

 It was necessary to disinfect practically the wliole ground area. When 

 one considers the enormous area to be covered daily in Tondo, Sampaloc, 

 Malate, and Paco, with their outlying barrios, and the fact that there 

 are over 5,000 insanitary closets in the Meisic district alone, the magnitude 

 of this work may be imagined. 



Two general methods of disinfecting were employed — (1) the spread- 

 ing of lime, and (2) disinfection with water wagons, hose and pump, or by 

 chemical engines, containing carbolic acid, creoline, formalin, or other 

 disinfecting material. 



Lime was efl^ective in conjunction with drainage in the low-lying, 

 swampy, nipa districts and also for disinfecting the bad closets in the 

 strong material districts. The tank wagons and cliemical engines were 



