148 MAKTINI. 



ill the lialf-sflieniatic drawings (Plates I and II) which were nuule from 

 fresh blood smears stained with Roniaiiowsky-Giemsa solution. In the 

 drawings, the thick, dark places are intended to represent the chromatin 

 staining red, and the fine lines the boundaries of the parasites. Plate 

 I, fig. 1, shows the young forms resembling those described by Koch; 

 they are found sometimes singly and sometimes in pairs. In fig. 2 one 

 also sees a resemblance to his ring forms. In fig. 3 there are forms with 

 double nuclei, which frequently are found in the blood of animals infected 

 with the other species of piroplasmata mentioned above. The cross 

 forms described by Eobert Koch as characteristic for tlie Coast fever 

 group were also found in the blood of the calf infected with the Manila 

 parasite ; these are very probably composed simply of a pair of parasites 

 with double nuclei placed side by side. (See Plate I, fig. 3, c, and Plate 

 III, figs. 1 to 5.) In Plate I, fig. 4, a form is illustrated which I have not 

 seen in the blood in infections with any other piroplasmata ; it is some- 

 what arrow-shaped; sometimes the head of the arrow constitutes a solid 

 chromatin mass, or forms a hollow triangle at whose ape.x the nucleolus 

 lies and at whose base a larger mass of chromatin is situated. A similar 

 form pictured in Plate I, fig. 4, c, at first glance might give the impression 

 that the parasite is a small intracellular trypanosoma, an impression 

 w^hich would be strengthened by the appearance of an intracellular, binu- 

 clear form shown in Plate I, fig. 5, &, and also in Plate III, figs. 6 and 7. 

 Finally I encountered once in the centrifugated blood a form (see Plate I, 

 fig. 5, c) lying free in the blood plasma which it is advisable to describe 

 here, on account of its relationship to the forms seen later in other calves. 

 It was of about the size of a red blood corpuscle ; its form was somewhat 

 round and on one side the protoplasm was draAvn out in a wedge shape. 

 This irreg-ularity of form perhaps resulted by pressure when the blood 

 smear was made, in Avhicli case, obviously, no special weight should be 

 laid upon the shape. The plasma of the parasite stained a bright blue ; 

 at the base of the wedge-shaped portion there are round chromatin masses 

 stained a bright red, and on the opposite side at each of the angles is a 

 dark brown chromatin granule. It is not clear what stage this form 

 represents in the life cycle of the parasite; it is illustrated in Plate T, 

 fig. 5, c, and in Plate III, fig. 8. It is not improbable that with 

 special study, forms analogous to the peculiar ones described above and 

 illustrated in Plate I, figs. 4 and 5, will be discovered in the life cycle of 

 the other piroplasmata. These forms and the very interesting results 

 which Mijayama obtained; namely, a growth of trypanosoma-like or- 

 ganisms in cultures made from the blood of cattle suffering with piroplas- 

 mosis, -led me also to make blood cultures after the manner of this 

 Japanese investigator. 



For purposes of description, I shall refer in this ai'ticle to the calf, in 

 which I first saw the piroplasma, as the "original calf," in order to 

 distinguish it from the calves used in the subsequent experiments; the 



