234 r.A.\K8. 



Iioi'dci' of the town, one IVoiii tlu' iiorllicast llirouii'li the iiiiddlc of llic town 

 and one from tlie east throtii^h the southern portion. 'IMie main stream 

 comes from north of Taytay ; tlie otliers are simjjly outlets to tlie hasin 

 east of tlie town. 'I'hese sti'eams eease to How dui'ing tlie drv season. 

 and as the water evaporates moie and more' there forms in tlieir basins 

 a series of small ponds or jjiiddles in wliieli green algfv grow and wdiich 

 serve as ideal breeding ])laees for Mi/zDiiii/la^ rossii ({iles, Ciilcr /innuili- 

 feriis Liidl.. Ciih'.v (irgciifiiiotiis Banks n. s]).. and Ciilcr taf/tai/cnsi.t 

 Banks ii. sp. The paddy fields, while always serving during the rainv 

 season as breeding jilaees foi' M j/zoniijid. become such in the drv season 

 only if sidticient I'ain falls to cause |iiiddles of a week's or ten davs' 

 duration. 



In view of the fact that M. /y;.s-x/(' will bleed wherever green alg;e are 

 present in bodies of stagnant water, even if no water occurred in the 

 rice paddies during the dry season, there would ahvays be sufficient 

 water in the streams and shallow water around the wells to furnish an 

 abundance of mosquitoes in the town. Such was the condition which 1 

 found at Taytay in the early part of May, that is to say. 1 discovei'ed 

 either adults, ])upa> or larva^ of I\f. /-owu' in all the streams suiTounding 

 the town as shown by the accompanying map. ( I'late II.) 



Another excellent breeding place for iii()S(|uitoes, especially Culcr 

 fatif/ans ^^'ied., and ('. coiicolor Desv., is to be found in the sanitary 

 midden pit adopted quite generally in Taytay since the last outbreak of 

 cholera. ' It consists of a hole from 50 centimeters to 1.5 meters square 

 and of the same relative depth, the sides sloping inward and the rim 

 being reenforced with halves of l)aml)oo trunks jiressed into the soil 

 around the hole. In addition, stiips of bamboo are placed across those 

 pits over which an outhouse is not built, a space being left in the center 

 through which the f;eces may fall. Those pits which lie in low laud 

 have from 2() to -iO centimeters of water in them constantly, and serve 

 as admirable breeding places for the species of Ciih'.r above mentioned; 

 the pits that are on higher ground may contain water after a heavy rain 

 and thus serve the same purpose. 



The level of the water in the wells seldom falls below 'i meters IVom 

 the ground surfacr so that moscjuitoes may breed there also. Howevei', 

 as (mly a h'w specimens were met with <luring the investigation I think 

 these wells may be regard(Ml as a rather negligible cpiantity in the way 

 of breeding ])laces. 



Kvery bouse in the town of Taytay has one or more f/nloni/s or hiiiii/iif, 

 (earthern water jars.) The water is used for drinking and genei'al 

 purposes and these jars, though IVeipiently covered with a board or other 

 cover, may be fotind invai'iably to contain (piantities of larv;e of the 

 mosquito jjractically always ])resent in the l*hilip])ines in the dav-time, 

 viz, Slrf/unii/Ki /jcrsishiii.-^ Bank's. I found specimens of N. sini/nn-n. ■<!.<; 

 Ludl. occasionally in these jars, but only in \ery small iiumbei-s. 



