"282 NICHOLS. 



not appear to hold good for tlie Pliilijjpines. Typhoid fever has been 

 found to be endemic in Saniar, Leyte and Iloilo, where it was especially 

 frequent among children. If the disease had been recently introduced 

 here into an entirely nonimmune population, its severity and mortality 

 ought to be much greater than it is. 



It would seem that the blue variety of the typhoid bacillus is the com- 

 mon one in the Philipines, whereas the ordinary or "lilac" variety is the 

 common one in the United States. 



Goitre. — Eleven cases of goitre were found; as a special search was 

 made for this disease, and since it is so easy of detection, it is safe to say 

 that practically all the cases in the town were observed. All were in 

 women. The average age at the time of onset of the goitre was 28 years ; 

 the average duration at present is 15 years,, and the average age of the 

 individual affected, 43 years. The onset in each ease was after the age 

 of 20. As the number of females over 20 in the town is about 1,500, 

 the proportion of females affected is about 7 per cent. The largest goitre 

 is shown in Plate No. XVI, fig. 2 ; it is cystic and of over thirty years' 

 duration. The others varied in size and location, some being just per- 

 ceptible, one case had marked exophthalmos and deviation, with palpita- 

 tion, extreme nervousness and a history of variation in the size of the 

 tumor. (Plate XVI, fig. 1.) Two other cases had milder exophthalmos 

 and some palpitation. 



It will be seen from the geologist's report that Taytay is on a non- 

 Cretaceous soil so that these cases can not be associated with the ingestion 

 of an excess of lime salts. 



Beriberi. — No definite case of beriberi was seen, with oedema, loss of 

 knee jerk, pain in the calf muscles, weakness and heart disturbance. On 

 the other hand several cases were foimd with symptoms resembling those 

 of beriberi. They were all women, after childbirth, who complained of 

 numbness and tingling of the legs and arms and exhibited diminished 

 or lost knee jerk. One case presented a general weakness of the muscles 

 and palpitation. These cases exhibited a mild peripheital neuritis but 

 whether this was due to pressure, anjpmia, or to some specific disease, such 

 as beriberi, it was difficult to say. 



The small amount of beriberi found in Taytay is in marked contrast 

 to the amount seen among bodies of laboring men sucli as railroad gangs, 

 Philippine Scouts and Constabulary, all of wlioni suffered considerably. 

 The evidence, as far as it goes, is in accord with the polished rice theory 

 of the cause of beriberi, as the natives use but little milled rice, while 

 soldiers and laborers are given Saigon or polished rice. 



Venereal disease. — Venereal disease is decidedly rare in the town. One 

 case of acute urethritis, 1 case of stricture of the urethra, 2 cases of 

 cystitis, and 1 case of ophthalmia neonatorum all of gonorrhoeal origin 



