294 STRONG. 



as round hv the entomologist, corrcspondetl very well with the distriets 

 in whieh the cases of malaria were discovered hy the clinicians. It 

 is not surprising that only ahout 2 or 3 per cent - of those examined in 

 Taytay were found to l)e harhoriug the malarial parasite, since tlie inves- 

 tigations were carried on in the midst of the dry season, which is the 

 time of year in wliich malaria in Taytay is at a minimum. While the 

 aiwphclina', were moderately abundant, they were not nearly so numerous 

 as they were found to be in Olongapo and Cervantes, both very malarial 

 districts. As far as the conditions for the propagation of malaria are 

 concerned, Taytay is not very unfavorably situated. Mosquito nets were 

 used practically not at all in the town, only ahout one-half dozen having 

 been seen by members of the expedition. 



Ctflex fatigans Wied. was also found breeding in the town. Jt is in- 

 teresting to note in this connection that 0.5 per cent of the inhabitants 

 harbored filaria. No evidence was found of the existence of any case of 

 severe infection and this is evidently one reason why filariasis is not more 

 ]n-evalent in the town. The cases of filariasis with numerous embryos 

 in the circulating blood are undoubtedly more dangerous to a community 

 than are those in which but few embryos are present. 



It has been suggested by several authors that the amount of malaria 

 present in a community can be estimated roughly by determining the 

 number of cases of enlarged spleen that are encountered. However, in 

 many districts in the Thilippines this method would yield very inaccurate 

 results in estimating the amount of malaria present. Chronic enlarge- 

 ment of the spleen is a very common affection among natives of the 

 Philipjune Islands. Tn a large percentage the enlargement is certainly 

 not of malarial origin. In these, aspiration or examination at autopsy 

 reveals no malarial pigment and no malarial parasites. A series of these 

 cases are receiving careful study and a report from this laboratory will 

 soon be made upon them. As is well known, in certain parts of India 

 also enlargement of the spleen is not an index of tiie amount of malaria 

 ])resent in the locality, since in Kahi-azar this condition is almost in- 

 variably present. It is interesting to note that only in two instances 

 was Ciniex lectiilarius L. (the common bedbug) found in Taytay, and 

 that Cimcx rotundatus Sig., Mdiich, according to the researches of Patton, 

 is supposed to convey to man the parasite of Kala-azar, was not encoun- 

 tered at all. 



Enlargement of the spleen was found in 2.1 per cent of the children 

 examined and in about 1.4 per cent of the adults. No case of Kala-azar 

 was found. Indeed, up to the present tinu' this disease is not known to 

 exist in the Philippine Islands. 



- Accunliii}'- to the series of t.xaniinations repoited by Xieliols parasites were 

 found in 3 per cent of the people examined: in the series examined by Guerrero 

 and Sevilla 2.16 per cent were found infected. T.atcnl malaria was found to exist 

 in 5 i)ei' cent of the cases by Nichols. 



