CATTLE FLAGUE IN THE PHILIPPINE;®. 383 



days. At autopsy one finds extensive ulcerations in the mucosa of the 

 stomach and intestines^ with occasional shedding of portions of the 

 mucous membrane. 



Very acute form. — This form of cattle plague runs a very rapid 

 course. An animal may be apparently well in the evening and be found 

 dead the next morning. Behind the animal a pool of liquid faeces is found 

 with blood and pieces of intestinal mucosa. There is profuse hiemorrhage 

 into the intestines. It would seem that the mucosa is dissected from the 

 undertying tissue by submucous hfemorrhage. 



Afehrile form. — Occassionally one sees an animal which appears not to 

 )je well, yet has no teuipei'ature sufficient to arouse suspicion of cattle 

 plague. The animal loses appetite, has a slight diarrhoea and gradually 

 wastes away in two or three weeks. At autopsy one finds moderate 

 gastro-enteritis without ulceration. 



Constipated form. — Although this is a very rare form of the disease, 

 yet in a few instances cattle plague with constipation has been observed. 

 There is rapid rise of temperature, loss of appetite and severe prostration. 

 Death resiilts in four or five days and at autopsy one finds extensive 

 ulcerations limited to the stomach. 



ASSOCIATION AVITH OTHER DISEASES. 



Of the diseases appearing with cattle plag-ue, foot-and-mouth disease 

 occurs most frequently in the Philippine Islands. Although foot-and- 

 mouth disease in itself is not very serious in these Islands, yet when it 

 occurs simultaneously in an animal with cattle plague, the combination 

 proves fatal in nearly eveiT case in spite of the best care and treatment. 

 Other diseases encountered in the Philippine Islands in connection with 

 cattle plague are Texas fever and surra, both of which are very destructive 

 to life. 



DIAGNOSIS. 



As a rule the diagnosis presents no difficulties, especially in localities 

 frequented by epidemics of the disease. Eapid rise of temperature, loss 

 of appetite, prostration, reddening of the conjunctivEe, discharge from the 

 eyes and nose and diarrhoea are sufficient, when present, to warrant 

 a diagnosis of cattle plague. During an epidemic, sudden rise of 

 temperature alone should justify the diagnosis, for it is of the utmost 

 importance to begin treatment early if the animal is to be treated at all. 



PROGNOSIS. 



Cattle plague is very destractive to life. Even in localities where it 

 is endemic it may destroy 70 to 80 per cent of the animals attacked. 

 Recovery seems more likely to occur among the younger animals than 

 among tlie older ones. Ninety-five to 100 per cent of animals from a 

 country entirely free from cattle plague die if 1:)rought into contact with 

 the disease. 



91670 — -6 



