426 RUEDIGER. 



Five animals were inoculated with 0.5 cubic centimeter of virulent blood and 

 were given 90 cubic centimeters of serum per 300 kilograms of weight. Four of 

 them died of cattle jilague and one showed no reaction whatever. 



Stockman ° inoculated fifty head of cattle in India wtli 4 cubic centimeters 

 of virulent blood and gave them serum varying in quantity from 2 to 10 cubic 

 centimeters. All lived. Nine control animals received 4 cubic centimeters of 

 virulent blood and none of these died. 



Eight buffaloes that received 4 cubic centimeter's of virulent blood and from 

 1.8 to 10.2 cubic centimeters of serum, all lived. Four control buffaloes that 

 had been inoculated with 4 cubic centimeters of virulent blood also lived. 



Walker ^ found that in India the cattle on the plains or lowlands are far more 

 resistant toward cattle plague than are the cattle on the mountains. Mountain 

 cattle require eighteen times as much serum as do plains cattle. In a later 

 report ■* Walker proposes the following plan for estimating the quantity of immune 

 serum required to protect contact animals during an epidemic of cattle plague: 

 It the death rate is 50 per cent or less, use the standard dose of serum; in an 

 epidemic with a mortality of from 50 to 75 per cent, double the standai-d dose; 

 if from 75 to 85 per cent, use eighteen times the standard dose of serum. 



According to the experience of Daniels ^ with five different breeds of animals 

 in India, Malay buffalo or cariboo (Kerbau) are highly susceptible to cattle 

 plague; while Siamese cattle, Bali bullocks, Indian cattle and Indian water 

 buffaloes are but slightly susceptible. 



Kolle " makes the statement that in his experience 30 cubic centimeters was 

 the most satisfactory quantity of serum used in the simultaneous method of 

 immimization. 



Tlie following results obtained m testing tlie immunizing value of 

 anticattle-plague serum at Manila may be of interest. Anticattle-plague 

 serum is here prepared on a large nu.inber of animals and each lot of 

 serum is a mixture of the serum derived from forty or fifty. In order 

 to obtain serum of uniform quality, bleedings are arranged to- include 

 animals in all stages of the bleeding period. The serums here reported 

 upon, with one exception, lot No. 810, may be considered of fairly 

 uniform quality. The latter was obtained during an outbreak of foot 

 and mouth disease among the serum animals. Inoculations and bleed- 

 ings could not be arranged satisfactorily, and the immunizing value of 

 this lot was lower than usual, but the test is of importance in show- 

 ing the comparative susceptibility of native cattle and carabaos. The 

 animals used in these tests were all in 'good health, they weighed about 

 200 kilograms — unless otherwise indicated — and the quantity of serum 

 mentioned represents the dose per 100 kilograms weight of animal. 



- Journ. Oomp. Path, and Ther. (1903), 16, 310. 



'Journ. Comp. Path, and Ther. (1904), 17, 320. 



* Journ. Trop. Yet. Science (1908), 3, 28. 

 ' ^Loc. cit. (1907), 2, 159. 



'Handbuch der Technik und Methodik der Inununitatsforschung, Jena (1909), 

 ;5weiter Band, p. 595. 



