476 MITZMAIN. 



mostly by medical men or veterinarians who are more vitally 

 concerned in field operations. The species of fly under investi- 

 gation and discussed in the present paper has been compared 

 carefully with material brought from California and with the 

 descriptions of the oriental species of Stomoxys recently com- 

 piled by Summers. (1) 



From recent reports, the workers in the field, especially in 

 tropical Africa, have been perplexed to account for the spread 

 of trypanosomiasis in the absence of tsetse flies. Many investi- 

 gations have followed in efforts to discover other insect carriers. 

 Species of Stomoxys have been incriminated in many cases; 

 in other instances the genus Stomoxys has been eliminated. 

 Species of Stomoxys have been cited in the general literature 

 as carriers of pathogenic trypanosomes by the following writers : 



Bruce (2) found in Uganda that swarms of Stomoxys might bite infected 

 and healthy animals freely without conveying the infection (nagana). 



Bruce and others (3) in concluding a discussion on work done with Trypa- 

 nosoma pecorum, the cause of cattle disease in Uganda, note that the 

 carrier is probably not a Stomoxys. 



Montgomery and Kinghorn(4) advance the view that the Rhodesian cattle 

 trypanosome can be transmitted by Stomoxys calcitrans. 



Button and Todd (5) failed to infect animals with Tr. gambiense or Tr. 

 dim,orphon by bites of Stomoxys which had been either freshly caught 

 from an enzootic focus or had been fed previously on an infected animal. 



Theiler's(6) attempts to transmit m'bori, a nagana-like trypanosomiasis, 

 with Stom,oxys from horse to horse were negative. 



Sander C?) mentions that he has demonstrated in East Africa that na- 

 gana of cattle is transmitted by Stomoxys. 



Martin, Leboeuf, and Roubaud(8) advance the opinion that in experiments 

 with flies "as simple carriers," the species of Glossina are of more impor- 

 tance than those of Stom,oxys ; yet the role of the latter can not be over- 

 looked." 



NovyO) states that Stomoxys is apparently Incapable of spreading the 

 infection of sleeping sickness. 



Austen (10) records a note by Captain Haslem of the finding, in 1898, 

 of Tr. brucei in the abdomens of Stomoxys caught sucking the blood of 

 sick mules. 



Castellani and Chalmers dD state that Stomoxys is suspected of spread- 

 ing surra and that Tr. evansi appears to develop in the stomach of Stomoxys. 



Sivori and Lecler(i2) succeeded in infecting horses with Tr. equinum by 

 subjecting them to bites of Stomoxys which had sucked the blood of sick 

 animals. 



Sieber and Gonder, ds) working with dourine in Hamburg, came to the 

 conclusion that it was not unlikely that Stomoxys calcitrans was the re- 

 sponsible carrier in the infection produced. 



Schat(i4) concludes that Stomoxys is the chief agent in the propagation 

 of surra among cattle and horses in Java. 



MandersdS) states that in Mauritius Stomoxys geniculatus is almost 



