" ^xv 



11. 



:^'^^^n-d, 



*.N 



ted 



of 



^^'Ptibij. 



"trli 



tlie 



Com. 



till later 

 illa< 



e of 



a 



Wen 



'^■lit-'lnied 



111 



) 



' liavino' 

 ^rater of 

 ipon tlie 



left, aud 

 -ize and 

 11 at last 

 , accoin- 



-ting q) 



to 100 



] steam- 



.tiince 



of 



■t. This 

 .j-efl aiicl 



y siiiiil''!^' 



in- fro"^ 

 IS a sub- 



+ 



..a to ^ 



til tbe 



,vi 



n 



fiitiio"^^ 



(f 





a. 



Cu. XXVII.] 



SANTORIN. 



71 



deep 



111 



tlie 



New 



g- 



95) the soundino's 



whereas in the Admiralty chart (see fi 



o-ave 100 fathoms. 



It will be seen by the map and section (figs. 95 and 96), 

 that the Kaimenis are arranged in a 

 ISTE. and SW., in a manner different from that represented 

 in the older charts. In their longest diameter they form at 

 their base a ridge nearly bisecting the gnlf or crater. 



Notwithstanding this linear arrangement we may compare 

 the three Kaimenis in the centre of the gulf to the modern 

 cone of Vesuvius, and consider the outer islands Thera, 

 Aspronisi, and Therasia as the remains of an older and 

 ruined cone like Somma. Thera, which constitutes alone 

 more than two-thirds of the outer circuit, presents everywhere 

 towards the gulf high and steep precipices composed of 

 volcanic rocks. In all places near the base of its cliffs, a 

 depth of from 800 to 1,000 feet of water v/as found, and 

 Lieut. Leycester informs us that if the gulf, which is 6 

 miles in diameter, could be drained, a bowl-shaped cavity 

 would appear with walls 2,449 feet high in some places, and 

 even on the south- Avest side, where it is lowest, nowhere less 



1 ; while the Kaimenis would be seen to 

 form in the centre a huge mountain 5| 

 ference at its base, with three principal summits (the 

 Old, the New, and the Little Burnt Islands) rising severally 

 to the heights of 1,251, 1,629, and 1,158 feet above the 

 bottom of the abyss. The rim of the great cauldron thus 

 exposed would be observed to be in all parts perfect and 

 unbroken, except at one point where there is a deep and long 

 chasm or channel, known by mariners as the "^northern 



cum 



entrance 



(B, fig. 



95, and &, fig. 



97) between Thera and 



_ ^ 



Therasia, and called by Lieut. Leycester ' the door into the 

 crater.' It is no less than 1,170 feet deep, and constitutes, as 

 win appear by the soundings (see Map, fig. 95), a remarkable 

 feature in the bed of the sea. There is no corresponding 

 channel passing out from the gulf into the Mediterranean 

 at any other point in the circuit betw^een the outer islands, 

 the greatest depth there ranging from 7 to 66 feet. 



We may conceive, therefore, if at some former time the 



