Ch. xxviil] 



PHENOMENA ATTENDING EARTHQUAKES. 



81 



m 





.y t 



- ^ 



IX 



■A TXVIT 

 -CHILI, 



1819- 



- 1^15- 

 1811 IX 



irapliieal 



jUiT^i the 

 ill if mere 



tlie sub- 

 immense 



^ wliicli 



internal 



i last tff 

 lis views 



.iiomeiia 



filled 



con 



m 



ibei 



•of 



cer 

 the 



taiii 

 ob- 



11 



true 



? 



al 



is 



]3ut ^^' 



I 



l. 



\ 



g 



the amount of depression or elevation of the ground, or any 

 particular alterations in tlie relative position of sea and land ; 



maae Detween the raisui 



soil by volcanic ejections, and the uplieaving of it by forces 



from 



low. The same remark applies to i 

 modern accounts : and how much 



we 



have to regret this deficiency of information appears from 

 this, that in every instance where a spirit of scientific enquiry 

 has animated the ej^e -witnesses of these events, facts calcu- 

 lated to throw light on former modifications of the earth's 

 structure are recorded. 



Phenomena attending earth quaJces. — As I shall confine myself 

 almost entirely, in the following notice of earthquakes, to the 



F 



changes brought about by them in the configuration of the 

 earth's crust, I may mention, generally, some accompani- 

 ments of these terrible events which are almost uniformly 

 commemorated in history, so that it may be unnecessary to 

 advert to them again. Irregularities in the seasons preceding 



'Wl 



sudden gusts of wind, interrupted 



by dead calms; violent rains at unusual seasons, or in 



countries where 



nomena are almost 



'wn 



a 



reddening of the sun's disk, and haziness in the air, often 



months 



matter 



from the soiL with sulphurous and m 



vapours ; noises underground, like the running of carriages, 

 or the discharge of artillery, or distant thunder; animals 

 uttering cries of distress, and evincing extraordinary alarm, 

 being more sensitive than men of the slightest movement ; a 

 sensation like sea-sickness, and a dizziness in the head, ex- 



men 



omena 



recurred 



nected with our present subject as geologists, have 



again and again at distant ages, and in all parts of the 



globe. 



n the enumeration of earthquakes with 

 narratives, and so carry back the survey 



time 



that i may brmg betore tne reaaer, m xne 

 minute and circumstantial details of modern 



s 



him 



VOL. II. 



G 



