^w 



Ul. 



?n- 



t3 





11. 



10 



e 



iiiove. 



111 



^^^n took 



a 



n 



eartli. 

 11 do\ni. 

 ong vast 



a 



fitted 



n, whicli 



suffered 

 uanacaSj 

 "■^tallied 

 I, in tlie 

 lediately 

 shocb 



been in 



of CliHi 

 shock 



le 



nn miles 



le other 

 [ round 



;hock, it 



ace 



was 



levation 



the 



bed 



dry a* 

 ■r shells 



ill? ^^^ 



be ^1' 



« 40- 



Ch. XXVIIL] 



EARTHQUAKES IN CHILI IN 1822. 



95 



proaclied, became accessible from the land, although its 

 distance from the original sea-shore had not altered. It was 



^ 



observed that the watercourse of a mill, at the distance of 

 about a mile from the sea, gained a fall of 14 inches in little 

 more than 100 yards ; and from this fact it is inferred that 

 the rise in some parts of the inland country Avas far more 



con 



Cones of earth about 4 feet high were 



siderable than on the borders of the ocean.^ Part of the 

 coast thus elevated consisted of granite, in which parallel 

 fissures were caused, some of which were traced for a mile 

 and a half inland, 

 thrown up in several districts, by the forcing up of ivater 

 mixed with sand through funnel-shaped hollows, — a pheno- 

 menon very common in Calabria, and the explanation of 

 which will hereafter be considered. Those houses in Chili of 

 which the fou.ndations were on rock were less damaged than 

 such as were built on alluvial soil. ' " 



Mr 



me 



Quinter 



the beach, which had always been under water till the shock 

 of 1822, have since been uncovered when the tide is at half- 

 ebb ; and he states that, after the earthquake, it Avas the 

 general belief of the fishermen and inhabitants of the Chilian 

 coast, not that the land had risen, but that the ocean had 

 permanently retreated. 



Dr. Meyen, a Prussian traveller, who visited Valparaiso in 

 1831, says that on examining the rocks both north and south 

 of the town, nine years after the event, he found, in corrobo- 

 ration of Mrs. Graham's account, that remains of animals, 

 and sea-weed, the Lessonia of Bory de St. Vincent, which 

 has a firm ligneous stem, still adhered to those rocks which 

 m 1822 had been elevated above high-water mark.f Ac- 

 cording to the same author, the whole coast of Central Chili 

 was raised about 4 feet, and banks of marine shells were laid 

 dry on many parts of the coast. He observed similar banks, 

 elevated at unknown periods, in several places, especially at 

 ^opiapo, where the species all agree with those now living in 



^ 



Journ. of Sci. vol. xvii. p. 42, 



Meyen's letter cited Poreign Quart. Rev. 



t Eeise um die Erde; and see Dr, No. 33. p. 13. 1836. 



