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Ch. XXXV.] AND DAEWIN OX NATURAL SELECTION. 



277 



up in tlie following proposition^ ' that every species lias come 

 into existence coincident both in space and time with a pre- 

 existing closely allied species.'^ Mr. Darwin^t when re- 

 ferring subsequently to this paper in his ^ Origin of Species/ 

 has stated that he knew from correspondence with Mr. Wal- 

 lace that the cause to which he attributed the coincidence 

 here alluded to was no other than ^ generation with modifi- 

 cation/ or^ in other words, the ^ closely allied anti-type ' was 

 the parent stock from which the new form had been derived 

 by variation. All the most telling arguments which Lamarck 

 had brought forward, and those drawn from various sources 

 which the *^ Vestiges' had superadded, in favour of species 

 being the result of indefinite modification, instead of special 

 creation^ were briefly and ably summed up by Mr. Wallace ; 

 but it was clear that the evidence which had most powerfully 

 influenced his mind, was that derived from his own experience 

 of the geographical distribution of species, and especially of 

 birds and insects. 



In geography, he remarked, a genus or species rarely occurs 

 in two very distant localities without being also found in the 



intermediate space; so in geology the life of a genus 

 species is not interrupted, no 



or 



species having come 



into 



existence twice, or having been renewed after having once 

 died out. 



For the manner in which the gradual extinction of species 



had 



been brought 



about and was still 



Wallace referred to mj 



m progress, Mr 



ciples of Geology,' confining his speculations to the manner 



forms 



replace those which were lost. 



time 



Mr 



Natural Selection and on the origin of 



many 



on tlie origin of species ; having made for tliat purpose a vast 

 series of original observations and experiments on domes- 

 ticated animals and cultivated plants, and having reflected 



* Annals of Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. xyi. p. 186. 

 t 1st ed. p. 355 ; 4th cd. p. 424. 



