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PAPUAK RACES 



CIIAPTEE XLIIl. 



MAN COIS^SIDEEED YflTH REFEREl^CE TO HIS OEIGUST A]VD 



GEOGEAPHICAL DISTEIBUTIOF. 



GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE RACES OF MAK — DRIFTING OF CANOES 

 TO VAST DISTANCES —MAN, LIKE OTHER SPECIES, HAS SPREAD FROM A SINGLE 

 STARTING-POINT, OR LIMITED AREA— WHETHER MAn'S HODILY FRAME BE- 

 CAME MORE 'stationary MHEN HIS MIND BECAME MORE ADVANCED —GREAT 

 ANTIQUITY OF THE MORE MARKED HUMAN RACES— GENERAL COINCIDENCE 

 OF THEIR RANGE WITH THE GREAT ZOOLOGICAL PROVINCES — AMERICAN- 

 INDIAN COMMON TO NEOARCTIC AND NEOTROPICAL REGIONS— MAN AN OLD- 

 WORLD TYPE — MARKED LINE OF SEPARATION BETWEEN MALAYAN AND 



-DISTINCTNESS OF NEGRO AND EUROPEAN, AND QUESTION OF 

 THE MULTIPLE ORIGIN OF MAN— SIX-FINGERED VARIETY OF MAN AS BLARING 

 ON THE MUTABILITY OF HIS ORGANISATION— REGROWTH OF SUPERNUMERARY 

 DIGITS WHEN AMPUTATED— THESE PHENOMENA REFERRED BY DARWIN TO 

 REVERSION— WHETHER MAN HAS BEEN DEGRADED FROM A HIGHER OR HAS 

 RISEN FROM A LOWER STAGE OF CIVILISATION— GRADUAL DIMINUTION OF 

 THE NUMBER OF LANGUAGES AND RACES— GAUDRY ON INTERMEDIATE FORMS 

 BETWEEN THE UPPER MIOCENE AND THE tlVING MAMMALIA— RELATIONSHIP 

 OF MIOCENE AND LIVING QUADRUMANA--OWEN*S CLASSIFICATION OF MAM- 

 MALIA ACCORDING TO CEREBRAL DEVELOPMENT— PROGRESSIVE ADVANCEMENT 

 IN CEREBRAL CAPACITY OF THE VERTEBRATA — IMPROVEMENT OF MAN^S 

 CEREBRAL CONFORMATION- WHETHER THERE IS ANY FIXED LAW OF PRO- 



OBOECTIONS TO DARWIN's THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION CON- 

 -GREAT STEP GAINED IF SPECIES ARE SHOWN TO BE DEVELOPED 

 ACCORDING TO THE ORDINARY LAWS OF RElPRODUCTION— CAUSE OF RELUC- 

 TANCE TO BELIEVE IN JIAn's DERIVATIVE ORIGIN 



GRESS 



SIDERED 



Geographical distbibutton of the races of man.— 



In this chapter I shall offer some obseryations on the geo- 

 graphical distribution of the different races of man, and con- 

 sider whether if we admit the doctrine of Transmutation as 

 most probable in the case of the inferior mammalia, we are 

 bound to embrace the same hypothesis when speculating on 

 the origin of the human species. 



Long before the geologist had succeeded in tracing back 

 the signs of man's existence to a time when Europe was in- 

 habited bj species of quadrupeds, such as the elephant, 



